12. Separation of powers

The separation of powers  is a model for the governance of a state (or who controls the state). The model was first developed in ancient Greece. Under this model, the state is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches. The typical division of branches is into a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary.

Judicial system-this is one of the main components of the foundations of the state, one of the arms of the democratic development of the country on the path of social, economic and political modernization. 

• The judicial branch is lead by the Supreme Court

. • The courts decide arguments about the meaning of laws, how they are applied and whether they break the rules of the Constitution.

• The Supreme Court is the referee in disputes among various branches of the federal and state governments.

• The Supreme Court is made up of nine justices. One of these is the chief justice.

• The justices are appointed by the president and must be approved by the Senate. Justices have their jobs for life, unless they resign, retire or are impeached.

• The judicial branch comprises the Supreme Court and Constitutional Council and local courts (regional, district and others).

Executive branch is responsible for implementing and administering the public policy enacted and funded by the legislative branch.

-proposes laws

-administers the laws

-commands armed forces

-appoints ambassadors and other officials

-conducts foreign policy

-make treaties

1-Supreme executive and administrative organ of the government of RK - Government of RK;

2. Central executive bodies of RK: ministries, agencies, committees (for example, Committee of the national: safety), the central executive bodies which aren't a part of the Government (for example, the National commission on securities);

3. Local executive bodies - akimats of areas, the cities, areas, rural districts;

4. Bodies of direct management of associations, establishments, organizations (administration of the enterprises, establishments of the organizations).

The legislative branch of government is responsible for enacting the laws of the state and appropriating the money necessary to operate the government.

•The legislative branch comprises Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan (the Senate and the Majilis).

Senate is the upper house of Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

•In the senate of 47 places

•15 senators are appointed by the president

•32 senators are elected at meeting of electors — deputies of maslikhat (local bodies of the representative power) on two persons from each area, the city of republican value and the capital of RK

•all former presidents of the country are lifelong senators

•The term of deputy powers — 6 years, thus each 3 years structure of the upper house is partially updated.

According to the constitution of the country treat exclusive maintaining the Senate:

•election and release from a position on representation of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan the Chairman of the Supreme Court and judges of the Supreme Court of the Republic, adoption of their oath;

•consent on appointment of the Republic of the Chairman of National Bank as the President, the Attorney-General, the Chairman of Committee of national security of the Republic;

•deprivation of inviolability of the Attorney-General, Chairman and judges of the Supreme Court of the Republic;

•performance of functions of Parliament of the Republic on adoption of the constitutional laws and laws in the period of temporary absence of the Mazhilis caused by the early termination of its powers;

•implementation of other powers assigned by the Constitution to the Senate of Parliament.

Maslikhat — a local representative body in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the electoral body elected by the area population, expressing will of the population and according to the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan,defining the measures necessary for its realization, and controlling their implementation. •the approval of plans, economic and social programs of development of the respective territory, the local budget and reports on their execution, including the approval of the budgetary programs realized by area akima in the city, the cities of regional value, the settlement, the aul

•the approval of programs for environmental protection and environmental management in the respective territories and expenses on protection, improvement of environment

•the statement on Akim's representation schemes of management of the administrative and territorial unit created on the basis of the standard structures of local public administration approved by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan;

• the solution of the questions of the local administrative-territorial device carried to their maintaining;

•coordination by the solution of session of a maslikhat of staff of the relevant akimat on Akim's representation;

•) consideration of reports of heads of executive bodies and entering into appropriate authorities of ideas of accountability of officials of government bodies, and also organizations for non-performance of solutions of a maslikhat;

8) according to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan about administrative offenses the approval of rules for which violation administrative responsibility is established;

9) control of performance of the local budget, programs of development of territories;

9-1) consideration of the annual report on budget performance of audit commissions of areas, cities of republican value, capital;

10) formation of the constant commissions and other bodies of a maslikhat, hearing of reports on their activity, the solution of other questions connected with the organization of work of a maslikhat;

11) approval of programs of assistance of employment of the population and decrease in poverty;