Unit 4 Engineering Rises to a New Stage.

Everyone knows about scientists’ contributions to mathematics, mechanical engineering, physics, chemistry, and the theory of automatic control. These are the areas of knowledge which will make up the engineering of the future.

Our country has made clear progress in the peaceful exploration of space and in engineering manufacturing machines for power, metallurgy, transport, and other industries.

In recent years we have developed new automated coal-mining machines, installations for the continuous casting of steel, metal casting-and-rolling machines, equipment for electroslag remelting and recasting of metal, machines tools for electrophysical and electrochemical treatment of metals, etc.

New technologies and equipment have been developed for most branches of engineering. Nevertheless, we intend to increase the speed of progress in science and technology.

In the nearest future the traditional metalworking equipment will go through substantial changes employing automatic transport systems and industrial robots. The main task now is to “teach” machines to operate without man’s presence. They should also be able to select the mode of machining and to control the quality of their own operations.

The second line of scientific and technological progress is the greater reliability and service life of machines.

Progress in science and technology and the improvement of the economy are not goals by themselves. The main reason for these efforts is to solve social problems. This means, first and foremost, to raise the living standards of people to a better level.

Завдання 1. Дайте відповіді на наступні запитання.

1. Do you know about the contribution, which scientists have made in different fields of knowledge?

2. What equipment have we developed in recent years?

3. Has our country made progress in the peaceful exploration of space?

4. What is the main task now?

5. What is the second line of scientific and technological progress?

Завдання 2. Доповніть речення згідно зі змістом тексту.

1. These are areas of knowledge…

2. In recent years we have developed…

3. Nevertheless, we intend to increase…

4. They should also be able….

5. This means, first and foremost, to raise…

Завдання 3.Знайдіть синоніми та антоніми до наступних слів у тексті.

A). B).

1.to operate 1.presence

2. the country 2. quality

3. the aim 3. future

4. scientists 4. industrial

5. branches 5. social

Завдання 4. Знайдіть речення, які відповідають змісту текста.

1. Nobody knows about the contribution, which scientists have made to mathematics, mechanical engineering, physics, chemistry and the theory of automatic control.

2. These are the areas of knowledge, which will make up the building of future.

3. The main task of these efforts is to solve social problems.

4. In the nearest future the traditional metalworking equipment will go through substantial changing employing automatic transport system and industrial robots.

5. The second line of scientific and technological progress is the greater durability of machines.

Завдання 5.Складіть речення з поданих слів.

1. the, of knowledge, these, of the future, the engineering, make up, will, are, areas, which.

2. intend, to increase, we, in science, nevertheless, and, technology, of progress, the speed.

3. man’s, to teach, the main, presence, to operate, machines, is, now, task, without.

4. developed, new, for, branches, technologies, have, of engineering, equipment, been, and, most.

5. able, the mode, to select, to control, of their, operation, they, of machining, the quality, own, and, be, should, also.