Conditional mood

Zero conditional

Exercise 274. Match the two parts of the sentences.

1. If animals don't eat, …………………………

2. If I read for a long time, ……………………..

3. If you don't sleep, ……………………………….

4. If you mix flour and water, ……………………..

5. If water freezes, …………………………………

6. If you multiply three by three, …………………..

1. ……………… you feel tired.

2. ……………… you get nine.

3. ……………… they die.

4. ……………… it turns into ice.

5. ……………… I get a headache.

6. ……………… you make paste.

Exercise 275. Make up sentences as in the model.

Model: eat too much / feel sick

If you eat too much, you feel sick.

1. lie in the sun / burn

2. not work hard / not get good marks

3. divide 100 by 5 / get 20

4. cut yourself / bleed

5. not wash / become dirty

6. put sugar in coffee / taste sweet

First conditional

Exercise 276. Match the two parts of the sentences.

1. If you walk fast, ……………………..

2. If he passes all his exams, ……………………..

3. If you don't leave now, ……………………..

4. If it rains tomorrow, ……………………..

5. If she gets home late, ……………………..

6. If you turn left here, ……………………..

7. If I finish my homework, ……………………..

8. If we cycle to school, ……………………..

1. ……………… I won't go out.

2. ……………… you'll get there soon.

3. ……………… I'll come out with you.

4. ……………… he'll go into the next class.

5. ……………… we'll get some exercise.

6. ……………… her dad will be very angry.

7. ……………… you won't arrive on time

8. ……………… you'll see the museum on your right.

Exercise 277. Choose the correct form of the verbs.

1. If the weather is / will be good, we swim /’ll swim in the sea.

2. If I don't feel / won't feel well tomorrow, I stay / 'll stay at home.

3. If she arrives / ‘ll arrive late again, the teacher is / will be very angry.

4. If you don't go / won't go now, you miss / ‘ll miss the train.

5. If you buy / ‘ll buy the food and drink, I decorate / ‘ll decorate the house.

6. If they take / ‘ll take a taxi, they don't get wet / won't get wet.

7. If we don't go / won't go to the beach, we don't see / won't see our friends.

Exercise 278. Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the first conditional.

1. I (tell) …… you if I (see) …… Sarah.

2. If you (mix) …… red and white paint, you (get) …… pink.

3. If we (not hurry) ……, we (be) …… late.

4. Ice cream (melt) …… if you (not eat) …… it quickly.

5. My dad (give) …… me £50 if I (pass) …… all my exams successfully.

6. If I (do) …… my homework every day, I (get) …… good marks.

7. I (give) …… you some advice if you (ask) …… me!

8. If the fireworks (be) …… very expensive, I (not buy) …… them.

9. If it (rain) …… , we (need) …… umbrellas.

10. If you (put) …… oil and water together, they (not mix).

Exercise 279. Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the first conditional.

1. If he (get) …… a bike for his birthday, he (be) …… very happy.

2. I (not buy) …… the camera if it (be) …… very expensive.

3. You (not be) …… tired in the morning if you (go) …… to bed early.

4. If I (have) …… time, I (go) …… to the party.

5. I (not go) …… to the lake tomorrow if it (not be) …… warm.

6. If I (not have) …… any money, I (stay) …… at home on Saturday.

7. I (give) …… you some money if you (wash) …… my car.

8. If you (follow) …… the river, you (come) …… to a waterfall.

9. If we (not wear) …… gloves, our hands (get) …… cold.

10. They (not pass) …… their exams if they (not work) …… hard.

11. We (eat) …… in the garden if it (not rain) …… .

12. If the weather (be) …… fine tomorrow, we (go) …… to the forest.

13. I (not understand) …… you if you (not speak) …… slowly.

Exercise 280. Complete the text about global warming.

The biggest environmental problem we face today is global warming. If we (continue) …… to burn gas, coal and oil, the atmosphere (contain) …… more C0₂ so the world will get warmer. If it (get) …… warmer, sea-levels (rise) …… and the climate (change) …… .

Trees help to stop global warming because they change C0₂ into 0₂. But if we (not stop) …… cutting down the rain forests, there (be) …… more C0₂ in the atmosphere, and global warming (not get) …… better.

So we must preserve forests like the Amazon.

The holes in the ozone layer are another problem. The ozone layer protects us from ultra-violet rays of the sun. If the holes (get) …… bigger, the ultra-violet rays (make) …… the atmosphere hotter.

Global warming is getting worse every day. We (not solve) …… this problem if we (not act) …… now.

Second conditional

Use the past simple in the if-clause and would in the main clause.

Exercise 281. Match the two parts of each sentence.

1. If you moved to another city, ……………………..

2. If my parents won the lottery, ……………………..

3. If I had a computer at home, ……………………..

4. If I didn't have to go to school, ……………………..

5. If you lived on the ground floor, ……………………..

6. If we were film stars, ……………………..

1. ……………… I'd go to the beach every day.

2. ……………… I'd design my own website.

3. ……………… you wouldn't be very happy.

4. ……………… you wouldn't have to use the stairs.

5. ……………… we'd live in Hollywood.

6. ……………… they'd buy a new house.

Exercise 282. Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the second conditional.

Example: If Tom (have) enough money, he (buy) a new scooter.

If Tom had enough money, he would buy a new scooter.

1. If I (see) saw a bank robbery, I (call) the police.

2. If they (take) more exercise, they (be) healthier.

3. He (get) better marks if he (study) harder.

4. If I (have) more money, I (buy) a new computer.

5. You (have) more time for your homework if you (not watch) so much TV.

6. There (be) fewer accidents if people (drive) more carefully.

7. If I (not go) to school, I (play) computer games all day.

Exercise 283. Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the second conditional.

Example: If I (find) twenty pounds, I (not keep) it.

If I found twenty pounds, I wouldn't keep it.

1. He (be) angry if I (not phone) him.

2. If you (be) more careful, you (not lose) your money so often.

3. I (lend) you five pounds if I (have) any money.

4. If I (get) up earlier, I (not be) late for school.

5. You (not get) headaches if you (stop) listening to that loud music!

6. If Jane (win) the lottery, she (buy) presents for all her friends.

Exercise 284. Complete the sentences. Use the first or second conditional.

1. My friend Sarah is very superstitious. She thinks if you walk under a ladder, you (get) …… bad luck.

2. If I had a million pounds, I (have) …… a big party and invite all my friends.

3. If we don't hurry, we (miss) …… the train!

4. If Steve (have) …… a bike, he would cycle to school.

5. If it rains, I (get) …… wet.

6. If Rob saw a tiger, he (run) …… away.

Exercise 285. Choose the correct verb form.

1. If I won the lottery, I buy / would buy a mountain bike.

2. We'll help you if we have / had time.

3. If I don't have / didn't have a cold, I would come out with you.

4. She won't be happy if you don't invite / didn't invite her to your party.

5. If they need money, they will sell / would sell their car.

6. We’ll have / would have a dog if we lived in the country.

7. If I know / knew the answer, I would tell you!

8. I'll buy the latest Ricky Martin CD if I have / had enough money.

9. If they walk to school, they’ll get / would get some exercise.

Exercise 286. Make up conditional sentences.

1. You did not ring me up, so I did not know you were in trouble. If ... 2. You left the child alone in the room, so he hurt himself. If ... 3. They spent a year in the tropics, so they got very sun-tanned. If ... 4. It rained heavily, so we got drenched to the skin. If ... 5. Why didn't you watch the cat? It ate all the fish. If ... 6. A huge black cloud appeared from behind the forest, so we had to turn back and hurry home. If ... 7. The travellers had no camera with them, so they could not take photos of the beautiful scenery. If … 8. There was no sugar left, so we had to go to the shop late in the evening. If ... 9. This house is very nice and comfortable, but it is not very good for living because it is situated close to a chemical plant and the air around is very bad. If ... 10. He is an excellent specialist, but I cannot ask his advice because I am not acquainted with him. If ... 11. You cannot enjoy this merry evening party because you have a toothache. If ... 12. You know the material well enough, but you are very absent-minded, and that's why you always make many mistakes. If ... 13. We shall not go to see them because it is very late. If ... 14. Naturally she was angry, because you were on her way. If ...

Exercise 287. Make up conditional sentences.

1. Не always gets top marks in mathematics because it is his favourite subject and he works a lot at it. If ... 2. I did not translate the article yesterday because I had no dictionary. If ... 3. We lost our way because the night was pitch-dark. If ... 4. The box was so heavy that I could not carry it. That's why I took a taxi. If ... 5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that's why I did not come to see you. If ... 6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that's why it struck a rock. If ... 7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If … 8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If ... 9. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If ... 10. It is late, and I have to go home. If ... 11. I was expecting my friend to come, that's why I could not go to the cinema with you. If ... 12. The sea is rough, and we cannot sail to the island. If ... 13. He is busy and does not come to see us. If ... 14. The girl did not study well last year and received bad marks. If ... 15. He broke his bicycle and so he did not go to the country. If ... 16. He speaks English badly: he has no practice. If ...

Third conditional

Like the other conditionals, a third conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause.

We use different verb forms in each part of a third conditional:

If clause: if + subject + past perfect verb

Main clause: subject + would (OR could, OR might) have + past participle

For example:

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

If you had driven more carefully, you would not have had an accident.

If we had played a little better, we could have won the game.

If you had saved your money, you could have bought a computer.

The third conditional is used to talk about things which DID NOT HAPPEN in the past.

Exercise 288. Use the appropriate form of the verbs in brackets.

1) If the seminar (begin) … at 10:00 we would have been on time. 2) Use the word: If the customer (call) … earlier I would have told her to try your cell phone. 3) If you had informed us of these problems by 8:00 a.m. we (fix) … them this morning. 4) If you had adopted that marketing strategy your profits (increase) … dramatically. 5) Your employees (learn) … everything about the program if you had sent them to that training course. 6) If I (meet) … with the customer yesterday I (give) … her your card. 7) Your company (do) … better financially if you (produce) … for the international market. 8) If you (think) … more positively you (succeed) … . 9) If you (use) … biodegradable products it (be) … better for the environment. 10) We (see) … Mr. Johnson if we (visit) … the factory last week.

Конец формы

Exercise 289. Complete the third conditional sentence by filling in the spaces.

Example: I didn't pass the test, because I hadn't studied hard enough.

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test.

1. He crashed his car, because he fell asleep while driving. If he … asleep while driving, he … his car. 2. We couldn't go to the concert, because we didn't have enough money. If we … enough money, we … to the concert. 3. I lost my job because I was late for work. I … my job if I … late for work. 4. The wind was so strong that the bridge collapsed. If the wind … so strong, the bridge … . 5. I couldn't call Sally because I had lost her number. I … Sally if I … her number.

Exercise 290. Exercise 279. Начало формы

Complete the conditional sentences (Type III) by putting the verbs into the correct form.

Model: If you (study) … for the test, you (pass) … it.

If you had studied for the test, you would have passed it.

1. If you (ask) … me, I (help) … you.

2. If we (go) … to the cinema, we (see) … my friend Jacob.

3. If you (speak) … English, she (understand) … .

4. If they (listen) … to me, we (be) … home earlier.

5. I (write) … you a postcard if I (have) … your address.

6. If I (not / break) … my leg, I (take part) … in the contest.

7. If it (not/ start) … to rain, we (walk) … to the museum.

8. We (swim) … in the sea if there (not / be) … so many sharks there.

9. If she (take) … the bus, she (not / arrive) … on time.

10. If only I (know) … about your difficult situation I (help) … you.

Exercise 291. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a conditional sentence – type III.

Example: If I ____ (to go) to the cinema, I ____ (to watch) an interesting film.

If I had gone to the cinema, I would have watched an interesting film.

1) If the weather … (to be) nice, they … (to play) football.

2) If we … (to go) to a good restaurant, we … (to have) a better dinner.

3) If John … (to learn) more words, he … (to write) a good report.

4) If the boys … (to take) the bus to school, they … (to arrive) on time.

5) If the teacher … (to explain) the homework, I … (to do) it.

6) If they … (to wait) for another 10 minutes, they … (to see) the pop star.

7) If the police … (to come) earlier, they … (to arrest) the burglar.

8) If you … (to buy) fresh green vegetable, your salad … (to taste) better.

9) If Alex … (to ask) me, I … (to email) the documents.

10) If he … (to speak) more slowly, Peggy … (to understand) him.