6. Поставьте глагол “ to be” в необходимую форму. Предложения переведите.

(A) настоящего времени:

1. His flat ... in the centre of the city.

2. ... you going to the theatre tonight.

3. They ... professionals.

4. The computer ... ready to start.

5. We ... specialists on computer technologies.

6. The students ... at the university.

(B) прошедшего времени:

1. We ... at the office yesterday afternoon.

2. Our friends ... in Moscow two weeks ago.

3. When I ... young, I ... fond of playing computer games.

4. They ... first-students last year.

5. The teacher ... presented with flowers.

6. The programmer ... working all day yesterday.

(C) в выражениях “there is/are”, “there was/were”:

1. There … many computers in our office.

2. The programme is poorly done. There … a serious mistakes.

3. The traffic was heavy today. There … a lot of cars.

4. There … many programming languages and the number is still increasing.

5. … there many universities at your city?

6. There … still huge problems of copyright, storage and quality reproduction.

9. Поставьте глагол “to have” в необходимую форму. Предложения переведите письменно.

1. There are three mirrors in the telescope; the largest … a diameter of 5,2 metres.

2. Like video cassette recorder, digital audio tape machines … recording heads.

3. We ... done a new computer system.

4. A company doesn’t usually … such a wide choice in whom to send for training.

5. ... you got some free time for me now?

10. Выберите наиболее подходящую форму глагола для перевода выделенного слова.

1. Он часто смотрит такие фильмы.

1. watched

2. watches

3. has watched

2. Она только что закончила разработку компьютерной программы.

1. has finished

2. had finished

3. finished

3. Он пойдет в интернет-кафе в выходные.

1. will go

2. would go

3. goes

4. Он не знает, какие компьютерные новинки будут разработаны через несколько лет.

1. developed

2. would develop

3. will develop

5. Виктор уже был в Лондоне.

1. visit

2. was visiting

3. has visited

6. Когда мы вернулись, дети играли во дворе.

1. were playing

2. played

3. had played

7. Он живет в Москве рядом с Сокольниками.

1. lived

2. lives

3. has been living

8. Ты уже видел этот фильм?

1. saw

2. had seen

3. have seen

1. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в правильную видовременную форму, предложения переведите.

1. We ..... developing a new programme last year. (start)

2. Computers … business people to keep in touch with developments all over the world (allow).

3. The research … among managers in Britain (conduct).

4. In Britain computer crime … companies about 400 million pounds a year (cost).

5. Some viruses … still silly messages (to be).

6. Few libraries today … an opportunity to design or build their own acquisition system from scratch (have).

7. They … a computer disc with a special fault in it (programme).

8. Michael ..... this film several times already. (see)

9. Last year conditions in the market ..... very difficult for us. (be)

10. One hospital in Britain recently … all of its records about sick patients because of a computer virus (loose).

1. Прочитайте, письменно переведите текст. Culture of the United States

The culture of the United States is primarily a Western culture, but is also influenced by Native American, African, Asian, Polynesian, and Latin American cultures. American culture started its formation over 10,000 years ago with the migration of Paleo-Indians from Asia into the region that is today the continental United States. It has its own unique social and cultural characteristics such as dialect, music, arts, social habits, cuisine, and folklore. The United States of America is an ethnically and racially diverse country as a result of large-scale immigration from many different countries throughout its history.

Its chief early European influences came from English, Scottish, Welsh and Irish settlers of colonial America during British rule. British culture, due to colonial ties with Britain that spread the English language, legal system and other cultural inheritances, had a formative influence. Other important influences came from other parts of western Europe, especially Germany, France, and Italy.

Original elements also play a strong role, such as the invention of Jeffersonian democracy. Thomas Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia was perhaps the first influential domestic cultural critique by an American and a reactionary piece to the prevailing European consensus that America's domestic originality was degenerate. Prevalent ideas and ideals that evolved domestically, such as national holidays, uniquely American sports, military tradition, and innovations in the arts and entertainment give a strong sense of national pride among the population as a whole.

American culture includes both conservative and liberal elements, scientific and religious competitiveness, political structures, risk taking and free expression, materialist and moral elements. Despite certain consistent ideological principles (e.g. individualism, egalitarianism, and faith in freedom and democracy), American culture has a variety of expressions due to its geographical scale and demographic diversity. The flexibility of U.S. culture and its highly symbolic nature lead some researchers to categorize American culture as a mythic identity; others see it as American exceptionalism.

It also includes elements that evolved from Indigenous Americans, and other ethnic cultures-most prominently the culture of African Americans, cultures from Latin America, and Asian American cultures. Many American cultural elements, especially from popular culture, have spread across the globe through modern mass media.

The United States has often been thought of as a melting pot, but beginning in the late 1990s and early 2000s, it trends towards cultural diversity, pluralism and the image of a salad bowl instead. Due to the extent of American culture, there are many integrated but unique social subcultures within the United States. The cultural affiliations an individual in the United States may have commonly depend on social class, political orientation and a multitude of demographic characteristics such as religious background, occupation and ethnic group membership.

14. Прочитайте текст. Переведите. Письменно составьте рассказ о себе и своей семье.

Steve Barker is a journalist in London. He is a busy man. His work is very interesting and well-paid. Steve’s wife, Jill, is a teacher at a language school. She teaches French. She is a good teacher. Steve and Jill have a daughter. She is 10. Her name is Laura. Laura is a nice girl. She is a student at a primary school. She studies English, Maths, Art, Music and so on. Laura is good at Maths.

Контрольное задание № 2.

1. Образуйте множественное число от следующих существительных.

book man room wolf child

street pen life sheep car

4. Переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания.

1. my friends’ son; a son of my friend; a book of our teacher; a book of our teachers; my sister’s friend; a friend of my parents; a dictionary of this student; these students’ dictionaries; Felix’ family

2. to draw with a pen; to say to a friend; to go to a park; to write a letter to parents; to listen to music

5. Образуйте от данных прилагательных степени сравнения (сравнительную и превосходную).

much	expensive
comfortable	serious
heavy	little
short	old
simple	hard

6. Дополните предложения, используя нужные степени сравнения прилагательного.

1. Today it isn’t as … as yesterday (warm).

2. The hotel is … than I expected (cheap).

3. The examination was … than we expected (easy).

1. These seats is … than those (expensive).

2. I prefer this armchair. It’s the … one (comfortable).

7. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

1. We must finish the programme by the end of the week.

2. A library may now design several of their own management reports.

3. I had to be very careful about details.

4. Computers can only do what we ask them to do.

5. The first holiday-makers will be able to stay on the Moon.

6. Now we have got to decide what computer language we should use.

8. Выберите подходящий модальный глагол, предложения переведите.

1. ..… you speak any foreign language?

may

can

might

will

2. The situation was bad but it ….. worse.

could

should be

could have been

would have been

3. Jim gave me a letter to post. I ….. remember to post it.

can

may

must

needn’t

4. You ….. have left your grease-paint in the dressing-room.

should

ought to

shall

could

5. Are you going to read the review? No, I ..… . I already know what it says.

mustn’t

shouldn’t

needn’t

can’t

6. I was surprised that she ..… say such rude words.

must

would

will

should

7. My grandfather ..… recite poems in six languages many years ago.

should

shall

could

need