6. Заполните пропуски следующими словами в соответствующей форме:

to allow, to emphasize, to compete with, to compete in, to compete for, to participate, to enable, to promote, to gain, gain, to expand, major, relatively, diverse, competitive, innovations, throughout

1. In 1992 US exports totaled about $447 billion, … US exports including chemicals, grain (зерно) or grain products, soybeans (соя) and coal (уголь).

2. The Industrial Revolution which began in the mid-18^th century, … a few economies to develop and … … similar (похожий) goods.

3. Adam Smith … that businesses within each nation produced what was most suitable to their region, and industrial producers as economic units … from trading certain goods.

4. Nowadays some countries with … similar free market economies … … customers in each other’s home markets.

5. World trade … very rapidly since 1950, at an average rate of 8 percent per year.

6. In the 1960s the USA lost its dominant position in world trade as Japanese companies began successfully … … American ones.

7. It is known that an exchange based on … advantage appeared late in the 19^th century when several countries had reached the stage of industrialization.

8. Many countries depend especially on foreign trade of … raw materials for their plants, factories and other industries.

9. Strong competition in the world market … producers to look for … in order to dominate in the world’s economy.

10. The membership in the European Economic Community … member countries to import goods and services from others on favourable terms (на льготных условиях).

11. Exploiting international differences in opportunity costs, countries … in foreign trade can get a net … .

12. Various degrees of socialism exist … the world, such as those in Egypt, Burma, Sweden and Denmark.

7. Раскройте скобки и употребите глагол в соответствующей форме.

A new important trend (to note) by some economists appeared in international trade in the last third of the 20th century. (To participate) in trade many countries have been more intensively involved in production sharing (зд. производственная специализация) which means that a product (to manufacture) in stages (to distribute) across more than one country. (To use) the example of the Ford Fiesta automobile production, the economist Drucker supported the (to propose) concept. (To design) the car, Germany started producing the engine (двигатель) and chassis and three more countries (to engage) in the production process. The brakes (тормоза) and transmission (коробка передач) (to produce) in Mexico and the electrical system (to manufacture) in Canada as well as German output (to deliver) to the USA which (to play) the major part in the production assembling (сборка) the whole car.

So, economic cooperation (to base) on rational production sharing (to allow) all four countries to gain much from this innovation in foreign trade. (To change) radically the traditional concept of trade as the exchange of goods or services across national borders, production sharing (to use) widely between both the developed countries and the LDCs now.