12. Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, содержащие герундий и отглагольное существительное.

1. The output can be increased by raising labour productivity.

2. The company manager spoke about the possibility of decreasing the production cost.

3. The discussing of this complex project will take much time.

4. Management is the process of achieving desirable results with the resources available.

5. Such technological advances as improvements in the production cycle, storing, packaging, transporting allow producers to supply more high-quality goods.

6. In a command economy, the central planning requires large capital investments.

7. Management concerns the making of business decisions in order to maximize profit.

8. The best alternative for the producing of commodities can be chosen when the relationship between demand and supply has been studied.

9. Sufficient and reliable information helps managers in finding new potentialities for making their enterprises more profitable.

10. The OPEC is an international organization established for the purpose of regulating quantities of oil sold.

13. ЗАПОМНИТЕ. Герундий, иногда с предшествующим существительным или местоимением в объектном падеже (him, them и т.д.), употребляется после глаголов с предлогами:

to agree to – соглашаться на to approve of – одобрять (что-л.) to be due to – объясняться (чем-л.) to benefit from – получать выгоду от to compensate for – возмещать (что-л.) to concentrate on – сосредоточивать(ся) to depend on – зависеть от to insist on – настаивать на to involve in – вовлекать в to object to – возражать против

to participate in – участвовать в to prevent from – предотвращать to protect against – протестовать to rely on – полагаться на to speak of – говорит о to specialize in – специализироваться в to suspect of – подозревать в to tell of – рассказывать о to thank for – благодарить за to think of – думать о

Раскройте скобки и употребите соответствующие обороты с герундием, обращая внимание на необходимые предлоги.

Образец: The manager insisted (the accountant) (to hand in the balance sheet) in due time. – The manager insisted on the accountant handing in the balance sheet in due time.

1. The tenant asked if the landowner objected (he) (to build a new storage).

2. The fiscal police suspected (the company) (not to declare all its profits).

3. The Minister thanked citizens and firms (to allocate means) for coping with earthquake aftermath (последствия землетрясения).

4. The company must compensate stockholders (not to pay dividends in time), as these troubles were due (to run the company improperly).

5. The Mayor (мэр) spoke (to raise tax rates on non-residents’ property).

6. The customers were told (the company) (to open a new modern department store) in their district.

7. By 1994 more than 100 nations agreed (to ratify the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) removing many trade restrictions.

8. The principle of comparative advantage explains why different countries tend to specialize (to produce particular commodities).

9. Economists argue that minimum wage prevents (businessmen) (to employ young workers with little human capital).

10. Both British car buyers and producers of foreign cars have benefited (to increase the UK imports of cheaper foreign cars).

11. The rate on inflation in some LDCs involved (to export natural resources) such as gas or oil often greatly depends on price changes in the world market.

12. Nowadays many nations and governments are interested (to develop international division of labour) through specialization.

13. Employees and workers in European countries sometimes protest (companies) (to close enterprises and to decrease wages), (governments) (to increase taxes) by organizing demonstrations or strikes.