Инфинитив в функции определения
Упражнение 1. Проанализируйте предложения, найдите определение, выраженное инфинитивным оборотом, и определяемое существительное. Переведите предложения.
Oxygen is the most important substance to enter the blood. ________________________
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Insulin is the only hormone to lower blood glucose level directly. ___________________
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Scientists have developed many vaccines to use in prevention of serious diseases. ______
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Certain medications to treat angina are placed under the tongue or between the teeth and the cheek. _______________________________________________________________
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Perhaps the least known among the remarkable properties of water is its ability to form an extremely strong surface film. ____________________________________________
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Prolonged courses of treatment with high doses of this drug can suppress the ability of the body to respond to severe stresses for many months or even years. _______________
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Folic acid deficiency may result from the inability of the body to utilize the vitamins.
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Lack of chromium may lead to nerve problems and may decrease the body's ability to use sugar properly. ___________________________________________________________
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Nuclear physics grew naturally from attempts at the end of the 19th century to understand the structure and composition of atoms and has had profound effects on the development of science as a whole. _____________________________________________________
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Упражнение 2. Проанализируйте предложения, найдите определение, выраженное инфинитивным оборотом. Переведите предложения.
Bronze was one of the first metals to be widely used by people. ____________________
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Discovered in 1895 by J.Thomson the electron was the first elementary particle to be identified. _______________________________________________________________
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R. Boyle (1627-91) was the first scientist to separate chemistry from alchemy and to formulate a precise definition of a chemical element. _____________________________
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Cohn (1828-98) was the first to devise a systematic classification for bacteria. ________
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When a seed sprouts, the first thing to break out of the coat is the root. _______________
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The earliest plants to become adapted to living on a dry land where liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. ____________________________________________________
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Bacteria are thought to represent the first organisms to have arisen on earth from which all other organisms are descended. ___________________________________________
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Adrenaline was the first hormone to be isolated in pure form from a natural source. ____
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Ramsay (1852-1916) is the only man to have discovered an entire periodic group of elements of the noble gases. ________________________________________________
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Упражнение 3*. Используя фрагменты из трех частей таблицы (I – подлежащее, II – сказуемое, III – инфинитивный оборот в функции определения), составьте предложения о роли известных ученых в истории медицины. Переведите предложения.
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Упражнение 4. Проанализируйте предложения, найдите определения, выраженные инфинитивом в пассивном залоге, и определяемое существительное. Переведите предложения.
Wet the area to be shaved. __________________________________________________
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The study to be published suggests that in this case the genetic side is very important.
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The liver absorbs the substances to be removed from the blood, alters their chemical structure, makes them soluble, and excretes them in the bile. _______________________
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Another difficulty to be expected with these drugs is postural hypotension. ___________
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The selection of one or more antibiotics to be given as aerosol therapy is determined by the patient's specific condition and the preference of the attending physician. __________
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The amount of time and degree of temperature necessary for sterilization depend on the articles to be sterilized. ____________________________________________________
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Dangerous, powerful, or habit-forming medicines to be used under a physician's supervision can be sold only by prescription. ___________________________________
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Урок 11