Завдання 1.

Прочитайте текст і знайдіть у ньому інформацію про:

а)дизелях типа Petter PHW;

б)призначення двигунів і їх конструктивних змінах;

в)обслуговування двигунів споживачами після продажу.

TYPE PHW 4-16 b.h.p. WATER - COOLED DIESEL FOR ALL PURPOSES

To meet demands for greater power Petter PHW engines now provide the increased outputs of 8.2b.h.p. from the PHI W and 16.4b.h.p. from the PH2W; both at 2000 rev/min.

The increased speed and power are well within the limits for these robust units in which a gear type oil pump is now embodied; the bearing areas were already generously designed to cater for the development. These engines are particularly suitable for driving pumps, generators and other plants in every territory where water cooling is particularly in demand. Direct fuel injection ensures quick easy starting - a feature of all Petter diesels.

Users of Petter are provided with a most efficient spares and after- sales service. There are qualified agents in most parts of the world, ready and able to help with every requirement.

TEXT 5-C

Прочитайте текст і дайте відповідь на питання:

Two general types of cooling system are used, air cooling and liquid cooling. Automotive engines now employ liquid cooling, although some special engines for airplanes, motorcycles, etc., are air cooled.

What general types of cooling system are used.

Air - Cooled Engines. In the air - cooled engines the cylinders are usually semi-independent and are not grouped in a block. They are so placed that an adequate volume of air can circulate around each cylinder absorbing heat in passing. Radial aircraft engines, in which the cylinders are placed in a circle around the crankshaft, represent this design. Each cylinder normally has a series of ribs so that the cooling area is considerably increased.

1. In what way are the cylinders in air - cooled engines placed?

2. What has each cylinder?

Liquid - Cooled Engines. In liquid - cooled engines provision is made to circulate liquid (usually water to which antifreeze solution is added during cold weather) around the cylinders where it absorbs heat. The water is then conducted through a radiator in which the heat in the water is passed on to air that is flowing through the radiator. The water passages, size of radiator and other details are so designed as to maintain cylinder walls, head and pistons at efficient operating temperatures.

1. In what way are the liquid - cooled engines cooled?

2. In what way are the operating temperatures of the cylinder walls, head and piston maintained?

UNIT 6.

З верніть увагу на вимову слідуючих слів:

excessive through throw adequate

mechanism passage transfer surrounding air

Слова та вирази для запам’ятовуві

1. wear - знос

2. to lubricate - змазувати

3. to slide - ковзати

4. to drill - свердлити

5. lead - канал

6. to throw out - викладати

7. protective film - захисна плівка

8. to carry away - виносити

9. to create - створювати

10. to transfer - передавати

11. oil pan — маслозбирач