Словник Слова, словосполучення и спеціальні терміни

account - рахунок

affect -впливати

benefit - користь

change - міняти

compare - порівняти

compartment - відділення

concern - занепокоєння

cost-benefit analysis – аналіз витрат і вигод

customer - клієнт

cycle - цикл

demand - попит

design - дизайн

determine - визначати

disposable - одноразовий

disposal - розпорядження

dispose - розташовувати

disposition - розташування

emission - виділення

end-of-life disposal – розпорядження кінця життя

engine compartment – моторний відсік

environment – навколешне середовище

environmental concern – турбота про довкілля

expect - очикувати

far-reaching - далекосяжний

fuel-saving technology - економії палива технології

global warning gas – глобальне попередження газу

impact - вплив

implement - здійснювати

need - необхідність

need to be changed – потрібно змінюватися

offer - пропонувати

passenger compartment – пасажирський відсік

phase-out - поетапне

prevent - запобігати

prevent unnecessary release of refrigerant - запобігання непотрібних випуску холодоагенту

prevention - попередження

preventive - профілактичний

recycle - переробку

refrigerant - освіжаючий

refrigerant recycling standard - холодильний стандартні переробки

refrigerate – зберігати в холодильнику

refrigeration - охолодження

refrigerator - холодильник

release - звільнити

replace - замінювати

replaceable - замінний

replacement - заміна

result - результат

safety - безпека

scrutinize - вивчати

scrutiny - розгляд

technician service procedures – фахівець з обслуговування процедур

total vehicle emissions - загальний обсяг викидів транспортних засобів

warm - теплий

ТЕКСТ 21

WHAT ABOUT SAFETY?

І Прочитати і перекласти письмово текст

Driver error is the leading cause of the 6 million plus crashes that occur on U.S. highways each year. Public and government organizations are concerned with possible driver distraction involving emerging technologies such as navigation and entertainment systems and e-mail and Internet access.

It us found that in the U.S. 44% of drivers have phones in their vehicles or carry phones when they drive, 7% have e-mail access, and 3% have facsimile capabilities. An estimated 25% of crashes each year involve some form of disattraction or inattention. Driver distraction, along with other intelligent vehicle safety issues, is discussed by researchers, manufacturers, and customers.

Use of cell phone while driving accounts for about 1.5% of acciedents caused by driver disattraction. In reviewing crashes from 1995 through 1999 involving 32,000 vehicles, researchers found that 8.3% of drivers were distracted when the accident occurred. Of those, 29.4% were distracted by “something outside” the vehicles. Other distractions, in order, were making audio-system adjustments (11.4%), speaking with vehicle occuoants (10.9%), making climate control adjustments (2.8%), and eating and drinking (1.7%). 29% of drivers indicated that they had used a cell phone behind the wheel. Of those, 13% said dealing with the phone caused or almost caused an accident.

Though specialists in many countries have been researching the safety implications of “new” in-vehicle systems on driver diattraction for a number of years, the industry has been doing it for far longer. Similar concerns surfaced when radios were first fitted to vehicles. A primary emphasis of the industry’s approach to vehicle communication and information system development is driver safety, with systems designed to ensure that driver keep their hand on the steering wheel and eyes on the road. Research is being conducted to develop well-designed in-vehicle human/machine interfaces for safe driving.

In addition, some companies are developing voice-recognition technologies for not only navigation but also future control systems and “infotainment” features. Such system is developed for the Jaaguar S-type. This system enables the S-type driver to control the car’s audio, climate-control, and telephone functions by using simple voice commands.

These and other innovations being developed by the automotive industry will help reduce driver disattraction and make the roads

Текст 22

ALTERNATIVE VEHICLES

І Прочитати і перекласти письмово текст

At the present rate of production oil supplies will run out rather soon, and we will have to look for other sources of energy.

What kind of vehicle will then dominate? Nowadays car makers discuss four promising types of cars: fuel cell cars, electric cars, hybrid cars, and solar electric cars.

The electric car has a long history. The first electrical cars were built at the end of 19^th century, but they could not compete against the internal combustion engine. Success of the electric car depends on light weight battery, capable of being recharged quickly, and the availability of electric energy.

Several U.S. companies already sell electrics. For example, Solar Electric Engineering of Santa Rosa, California, offers Solar Electric’s Destiny 2000 which comes in at $28,500, and includes an array of solar cells which provides a tiny bit of power and extends battery life. With its lightweight fiberglass body, the Destiny 2000 can travel 40 to 60 miles on a charge and cruises at 60-70 mph.

General Motors produced the electric car named “Impact”. Designed as an electric from top to bottom, the impressive Impact is powered by lead-acid batteries. The Impact easily cruises at 70 to 100 mph, and its range is claimed to be 120 miles at lower speeds.

There are many different electric cars around the world. They are used for local deliveries, post offices and the services. But will the electric car ever become a universal means of transport?

Today there are several hundred million cars in the world not to mention millions of motorcycles. It is estimated that if these changed over to electricity, they would require six million kilowatt hours, and all the power stations in the world now generate only a little over a third of that.

The hydrogen/air fuel cells look very hopeful. These do not have to be charged, they generate their own energy from a chemical reaction. They convert fuel energy to electrical energy with better than 80% efficiency. But at present the fuel cells prove too expensive.

A hybrid system where electric batteries for city driving would be recharged in highway driving with gasoline fuel is an alternative to the totally electrical system.

ІІ Виконайте завдання до тексту

EXERCISES

1.Перекладіть з словником на українській мові слова і словосполучення, виділені в тексту жирним шрифтом. Складіть словник.

2.Спробуйте перевести нові слова і словосполучення electric, fuel cell car, solar electric car, hybrid car, виходячи з змісту тексту.

3.Найдіть у тексті синоніми слів travel, promising.

4.Заповніть пропуски в реченнях, виходячи з змістом тексту, і переведіть їх:

Solar Electric’s Destiny 2000 which comes in at $28,500, and includes an______ of _______ cells which provides a tiny bit of power and _____ battery ______ .

With its lightweight ________ body, the Destiny 2000 can _____ 40 to 60 miles on a ________ and cruises at 60-70 mph.

Success of the electric car depends on light weight battery, ________ of being _____ quickly, and the _____ of electric energy.

Designed as an _____ from top to ______ , the impressive Impact is ______ by lead-acid batteries.

The hydrogen/air fuel cells look very _______.

These do not have to be ______ , they generate their own energy from a ______ reaction.

They ______ fuel energy to electrical energy with better than 80% ______ .

But at present the fuel cells prove too ______.

A hybrid system where electric batteries for _____ driving would be recharged in ______ driving with gasoline fuel is an _______ to the _______ electrical system.

5.Проаналізуйте речення, в яких слова написані разом і неправильно проставлені прогалини. Відмітьте в робочих зошитах вертикальними рисочками прогалини і/або розділові знаки. Прочитайте речення у слух, передаючи в звучанні смислові відтинки тексту, виявлені при його розборі, і переведіть їх. Поясніть можливі викривлення думки при неправильному розставленні прогалин і недотриманні пауз при читані.

Att he present rat eofpro duct ionoilsupplieswill run out rat her soonand wew ill havetolookf o rot her source so fen ergy.

Now adayscar makersdiscussfourpro missing typesof cars: fuelcellcars Elec tric car shy brid car sand so larelec tric cars.

Success soft he electric card epend son lightweight bat terycap able of beingre chargegdquicklyandt he avail ability felec tric energy.

6.Перекладіть питання. На основі відповідей на питання коротко перекажіть основний зміст тексту на англійській мові.

Why will we have to look for other sources of energy?

What promising types of cars do car makers discuss nowadays?

What does success of the electric car depend on?

What does success of the electric cars around the world used fpr mpwadays?

Why do the hydrogen/air fuel cells look very hopeful?

What could be an alternative to the totally electrical system?

7.На основі питань і відповідей на питання, підготовте діалог.

Один з учасників діалогу – інженер-автомобіліст. Він відповідає на питання другого учасника діалогу – студенту, котрий старається отримати як можна більше що зацікавлюють його інформації. При складанні діалогу використовуйте текст і матеріал, представлений в попередніх завданнях.

В ході діалозі використовуйте наступні вставні слова і розмовні фрази:

а) для студента (student)

Good morning!

Good afternoon!

Hello!

Iet me introduce myself.

My name is___________

I am__________________

I study at___________

I am interested in__________

I would like to ask you about_________________

And what about___________

Can you describe me___________

Can you tell me about___________

What are the main characteristics of___________

Thank you for your help.

It was nice to meet you.

See you.

Cood-bye.

б) для инженера-автомобіліста (automotive engineer)

Good morning!

Good afternoon!

Hello!

How can I help you?

What can I do for you?

Do you know that_____

Let me tell you about_

I would like to mention that_

The point is that__________

Thank you for your coming.

It was nice to meet you.

Hope to see you soon.

Good-bye.

See you.

ІІІ Переписати в зошит і вивчити слова: