9.2.2. Acars в737 и а320.

Подробно рассматривается соответственно в [3] и [5] рекомендуемой литературы.

Purpose

The aircraft communications addressing and reporting system (ACARS) is a datalink communication system. It lets you transmit messages and reports between an airplane and an airline ground base.

A message or report from the airplane to the airline ground base is a downlink. A message or report from the airline ground base to the airplane is caled an uplink.

ACARS automatically sends reports when necessary and at scheduled times of the flight to reduce crew workload.

These are typical ACARS reports:

• Crew identification

• Out, off, on, in (OOOI) times

• Engine performance

• Flight status

• Maintenance items.

Abbreviations and Acronyms

• A – amber

• ACARS - aircraft communications addressing and reporting system

• A/C - aircraft

• ac - alternating current

• ACMS - aircraft condition monitoring system

• act - active

• ADL - airborne data loader

• AOC - airline operations control

• APM - airplane personality module

• appl - application

• ARINC - Aeronautical Radio Incorporated

• ATS - air traffic services

• BITE - built-in test equipment

• capt - captain

• CDU - control display unit

• comm - communication

• curr - current

• D - day

• dc - direct current

• DEU - display electronics unit

• DIP - dual inline package

• disc - discrete

• EE - electronic equipment

• ETA - estimated time of arrival

• FDAU - flight data acquisition unit

• FMC - flight management computer

• FMCS - flight management computer system

• F/O - first officer

• freq - frequency

• FTX - fast transmit

• GMT - Greenwich mean time

• GPS - global positioning system

• GND - ground

• H - hour

• H/W - hardware

• ID - identification

• ident - identification

• IDU - interactive display unit

• LCD - liquid crystal display

• LED - light emitting diode

• LRU - line replaceable unit

• M - month, minute

• maint - maintenance

• min - minute

• msg - message

• MU - management unit

• NVM - non-volatile memory

• OOOI - OUT, OFF, ON, IN

• PARAMS - parameters

• PCMCIA - personal computer memory card international association

• PGM - program

• RCP - radio communications panel

• rec - receive

• req - request

• REU - remote electronics unit

• S - second

• sat - satellite

• SDU - satellite data unit

• SELCAL - selective calling

• S/W - software

ILF 404-407, 414, 415, 423-429, 451, 501-503, 505, 506, 511-516,

519, 520-522, 524, 541, 542

• V - volts

• VHF - very high frequency

• xcvr - transceiver

• xfr - transfer

• Y - year

General

The ACARS is a voice and data communication system to manage flight plan data and maintenance data between the airplane and the airline.

These are the components of the ACARS:

• Control display unit (CDU)

• Airplane personality module (APM)

• Management unit (MU).

You use the IDU to control the operation of the ACARS.

You use the control display unit (CDU) to control the operation of the ACARS and to show ACARS messages.

The ACARS airplane personality module (APM) provides logic tailoring, airplane identification code and airplane registration number code.

The ACARS MU receives the ground-to-air digital messages (uplink) and controls the transmission of the air-to-ground digital messages (downlink).

ACARS connects to these components of other systems:

• VHF transceiver to transmit to and receive data from the ground.

• Printer to print ACARS reports and messages.

• Remote electronics unit to distribute the chime annunciation and light annunciation signals.

• SELCAL control panel to signal the flight crew of incoming ACARS message requiring flight crew attention.

• Proximity switch electronics unit to send discrete signals for out, off, on and in (OOOI) events.

ACARS also connects to these systems to upload information from the airline operations or download information to the airline operations:

• Flight data acquisition unit

• Data loader control panel

Flight Compartment

The radio communication panels interface with the ACARS system.

The control display unit (CDU) interfaces with the ACARS system.

The SELCAL control panel interfaces with ACARS and is on the P8 aft electronic panel.

The printer interfaces with the ACARS system.

Electronic Equipment Compartment

The ACARS MU is on the E3-3 shelf.

The ACARS program switch modules are on the E3-3 shelf behind the ACARS MU.

General

The ACARS MU receives this data:

• Uplink data from ground stations

• Digital data from system components

• Discretes from sensors.

After the MU processes the received data, the MU sends this data:

• Downlink data to ground stations

• Digital data to user systems.

Power

The ACARS MU receives 115v ac from transfer (XFR) bus 1.

The ACARS MU also receives 28v dc from the hot battery bus.