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учебное пособие по английскому.docx
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  1. Подберите синонимы:

    term

    synonym

    1. homicide

    1. life sentence

    1. to be responsible for

    1. decreasing

    1. severe

    1. to murder

    1. death penalty

    1. murder

    1. to decrease

    1. arms

    1. deterrent

    1. to lessen

    1. reducing

    1. remedy

    1. weapons

    1. to be in charge of

    1. life imprisonment

    1. capital punishment

    1. to commit a murderr

    1. stern

  2. Заполните пустые места соответствующими существительными или глаголами. Первая строка служит примером:

    verb

    noun

    1. to be responsible

    responsibility

    reducing

    1. to abolish

    decreasing

    prevention

    1. to enforce

    1. to punish

    murder

    1. to prison

  3. Прочитайте текст «Преступление в Британии» и выберите заголовок для каждого из пяти абзацев. Внимание: один заголовок лишний!

  1. How to prevent crimes

  2. Types of punishments

  3. Law enforcement organs

  4. Causes of crimes

  5. Death penalty as a deterrent

  6. Crime statistics

  7. Crime in Britain

Responsibility for crime in Britain is split (распределяется) between the Home Office (the government department responsible for reducing and preventing crime and law enforcement in the UK) and the Ministry of Justice (runs (управляет) the Justice system, including courts and prisons).

The Crime Survey of England and Wales for 2013/2014 figures show that crime in the UK is at its lowest level in 30 years, having decreased from its peak in 1995. For example, 4.2 million violent crimes were recorded (были зарегистрированы) in 1995 compared to (по сравнению с) 1.94 million in 2013/2014. Today the UK prison population is over 84,000. The annual average cost (средняя стоимость за год) for each prisoner exceeds (превышает) 40,000 pounds ( above 100 pounds a day).

So, the number of murders in Britain was reduced but the problem of preventing crimes still remains (остается). How to prevent crimes? Law specialists are keeping to tell that the remedies (средства) are just not new: to lessen (уменьшить) as far as possible accessibility (доступность) of the weapons, to stop the dangerous influence (тлетворное влияние) of violence in books, films, TV and other mass media, from which so many criminals derive (извлекают) their «inspiration» (вдохновение).

One of the most important deterrents has always been capital punishment (death penalty). But global research by the United Nations has shown this to be untrue (вымышленный). «The argument (спор) that capital punishment is a deterrent against people committing murder is one of the most stubborn myths (упорный вымысел)», – criminalists say – «The abolition of death penalty in 1965 in Britain did not solve (не решила) the problem at all». They also underline that in the US death penalty-using states have higher homicide rates (динамика роста) than states where the death penalty has been abolished».

About 90 per cent of all crimes are dealt in magistrates’ courts. They can impose fines of up to 5,000 pounds or prison sentences of up to six months or a community sentence (общественный приговор), like doing unpaid work in the community (микрорайон). If the punishment is to be more severe the case must go to a Crown Court. The most severe punishment is life imprisonment which can last (длиться) from 8 years till the end of the life.