Практичне заняття № 25
Тема “Економіка України”
Ex. I Read and learn new words by heart.
Favorable conditions – благоприємні умови
Agriculture – сільське господарство
Wheat – пшениця
Maize – кукуркза
Buckwheat – гречка
Natural resources – природні ресурси
Equipment – обладнання
To produce - виготовляти
Ex. II Read and translate the text.
ECONOMIC POSITION OF UKRAINE
Due to the favorable climatic conditions, Ukraine is traditionally an agricultural area. It grows wheat, maize, buckwheat and other corn, vegetables, all kinds of fruit, melons and berries. Ukraine is one of the world’s main center of sugar production. It produces sugar both for own needs and for export. The country is rich in natural resources, such as iron ore, coal, color metals, oil, gas, mineral salts. It has developed varied industries, concentrated mostly in and around big cities, such as Kyiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa, Kharkiv, Lviv and others. It produces planes and ships, lorries and buses, motorcars and locomotives, computers and electronic equipment, precision instruments and agricultural machines, TV and radio sets, chemicals, textiles and various consumer goods. Odessa, Mikolayv, Sevastopol, Kherson and Kerch are main ports of Ukraine.
Ukraine is situated in the geographical centre of Europe. It’s population is about 50 mln, more than 74 per cent of whom are Ukrainians. For comparison, the population of Germany is 79,7 mln people, Great Britain - 57, Poland -39, Finland -5. Ten million ethic Ukrainians live outside the country on the territories of the former Soviet Union, and close to 5 million live in other foreign countries. The Diaspora is the strongest in Canada and the USA, There are six cities in Ukraine with a population of over one million.
Ukraine is the first in Europe in iron ore extraction, production of steel, mineral fertilizers, sugar, and grain; the second in coal mining, and the third in producing concrete, electric energy and various equipment. In the south the country has access to the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov which are connected with the ocean.
Ex. III Answer the following questions.
Is Ukraine traditionally an agricultural area?
What kind of mineral resources is Ukraine rich in?
What big cities of Ukraine do you know?
What is the capital of our country?
Ex. IV Ask the questions which receive the following answers.
Ukraine borders on the Russian Federation, Belarus,. Moldova, Poland and
other countries.
Ukraine is rich in iron, oil, coal and other natural resources.
Ukraine covers the area of 603/700 square kilometres.
The Dnieper, The Dniester, the Bug are the major rivers in Ukraine.
Ex. V You work in a travel office. Write a short prospect giving the main information about your native country.
Практичне заняття № 26
Тема “Населення України”
Ex. I Read and memorize the following word-combinations.
Population – населення
For comparison – для порівняння
Ethnic Ukrainians – етнічні українці
Slavic tribes – слов‘янські племена
Common – звичайний, прийнятливий
The national minorities – національні меншості
The most wide-spread – найбільш (широко) розповсюджені
Ex. II Read and translate the text.
THE UKRAINIAN NATION
Ukraine is situated in the geographical center of Europe. It’s population is about 50 mln, more than 74 per cent of whom are Ukrainians. For comparison, the population of Germany is 79,7 mln people, Great Britain - 57, Poland -39, Finland -5. Ten million ethic Ukrainians live outside the country on the territories of the former Soviet Union, and close to 5 million live in other foreign countries. The Diaspora is the strongest in Canada and the USA, There are six cities in Ukraine with a population of over one million.
Modern archaeological evidence indicates that Ukrainians are original inhabitants of this land, their forefathers lived on this territory from the third or fourth millennia В. С.
The
Ukrainians are mainly descended from those imported as slaves. Over
a thousand years ago Slavic tribes — Polyans, Drevlyans,
Siverians, Dubibs, White Croats, Tyversti and Ulyches — made their
appearance on the historical arena. One of the most powerful states
of medieval Europe — Kyivan Rus — was founded. Since that
time Ukrainian people made their long way to independence. It was a
gradual process that took thousand years. Nowadays the Ukrainians
are actively seeking to re-establish their own roots and
cultural identity. According to the Constitution of Ukraine
(Article 10) the state language in Ukraine is Ukrainian. But there
is no one Ukrainian language common to all people in this country.
The national minorities have right to speak their own languages. The
most wide-spread among them still remains Russian. It is the mother
tongue for more than 30 % (per cent) of the population of Ukraine.
The reason for this dates from the times when Ukraine was one
of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union and Russian was the official
language for it.
Ex. III Answer the following questions.
1. Where is Ukraine situated?
2. What is the population of Ukraine?
3. What population is in Ukraine?
4. Where do ten million ethnic Ukrainians live?
5. What is the Diaspora?
6. How many cities with the population of over one million are in Ukraine?
7. Where is the strongest Diaspora?
8. When did Ukrainians’ forefathers begin to live on the territory of modern
Ukraine?
9. When did Slavic tribes make their appearance on the historical arena?
10. What is the state language in Ukraine?
11. Have the national minorities right to speak their own languages?
12. What is the mother tongue for more than 30% of the population of Ukraine?
Ex. IV Find synonyms or paraphrases of the following words in the text:
to search for, to restore, individuality, mighty, to take the beginning.
Ex. V Are the following sentences true or false?
1. The Ukrainians are descended from slaves.
2. The way to independence was a quick process.
3. Russian remains the state language.
4. Ukrainian language is not only common language to people in Ukraine.
5. In the Soviet Union the official language was Russian.
6. Ukrainian people do not pay attention to re-establishing their own roots
and cultural identity.
7. More than 84 per cent of population of Ukraine are Ukrainians.
8. Twenty million ethnic Ukrainians live outside the country.
9. The Diaspora is the strongest in Canada and the USA.
Ex. VI Complete the following sentences.
1. Ukraine is situated in the … center of Europe.
2. More than 74 per cent of population are …
3. Ten million ethnic Ukrainians live on the territories of the …
4. There are … cities in Ukraine with a population of over one million.
5. The state language in Ukraine is …
6. The … have right to speak their own language.
7. Russian is the mother tongue for more than … of the population of
Ukraine.
Ex. VII Translate the following word-combinations into Ukrainian.
Modern archaeological evidence, original inhabitants, slaves, Slavic tribes, historical arena, powerful state, the state language, the national minorities.
Ex. VIII Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Населення України приблизно 50 мільйонів.
2. 74% населення України є українцями.
3. В Україні 6 міст з населенням понад мільйон.
4. Одніїю з наймогутніших держав була Київська Русь.
5. Рідною мовою для понад 30% населення України є українська.