- •Lecture 8
- •2.4.4. Structures for the biological clearing of sewer water
- •Fig.2.33. Bio-filter:
- •Fig. 2.34. Aero tank with pneumatic aeration:
- •Fig.2.35. Schemes of aero tanks:
- •2.4.5. Disinfection and output of cleared sewer water
- •2.4.6. Methods and structures for treatment, dehydration, disinfection and utilization of sediments of sewer water
- •Fig.2.37. Scheme of septics location:
- •Fig.2.39.Mule sites:
- •2.4.7. Structures of deep clearing of sewer water
- •2.4.8. Peculiarities of clearing of small volume of sewer water
- •Fig.2.43. Clearing of sewer water in septics and filtration wells:
- •Fig.2.44. Scheme of purifying structures with filtrating trenches:
- •Fig.2.45. Scheme of purifying structures of local sewerage with the plots of underground filtration:
- •2.4.9. Arranging of purifying structures
- •2.4.10.Expluatation of sewerage purifying structures
2.4.10.Expluatation of sewerage purifying structures
Exploitation of sewerage purifying structures is conducted due to rules of technical exploitation of systems of water-supply and sewerage. The main task for the exploitation of purifying structures is the ensuring of quality of sewer water clearing and treatment of sediment to the borders, which are foreseen by project of purifying structures and corresponding normative documents.
Before the exploitation of purifying structures during the starting period it is checked the work of separate structures and stations on the whole, and also there are give the trainings with service staff in studying the technology of clearing and rules of technical exploitation, safety technique and conducting of necessary documents. After the end of starting period there are designed the instructions to the exploitation of separate structures with the description of their working mode, equipment and ways of removing the possible violation.
Sewerage purifying structures are brought into the exploitation after adopting it by the State commission which gives the written permit on the exploitation. During the adoption it is established the correspondence of built structures to the approved project, it is checked the sizes, presence of all devices, equipment and armature and it is estimated the quality of building and loading works. After these the structure is checked on the geometrics and it is given the estimation to the work of all devices and structures from the technological point of view.
Work of sewerage purifying structures is characterized by such main indexes: expends of sewer water on the whole and on the separate structures; mass of wastes that were detained on the grates, their humidity, content, density, ash content; amount of sediment from the sand-catchers, its density, ash content, amount of sand; volume of raw sediment from the primary settling tanks, its humidity and ash content, outflow of hanged up substances from the settling tanks; amount and the temperature of sediment and active mule in methane tanks, and also of sediment that is unloaded from methane tanks, its humidity and ash content; mass of active mule (doze) in aero tanks, volume of air, that is given to the structures.
For ensuring the normal work of sewerage purifying structures it is necessary to have technological passports to all the structures on base of which are planed all current and capital repairs. Primary accounting of work of purifying structures is leaded by staff on duty by the shafts. Except the exploitation indexes,
to the register it is obligatory added the data all failures and deviations in the work of mechanisms and structures.
Depending on work capacity and difficulty of purifying structures for them are organized the control department, total or partial distance control of structures and aggregates and control of their work, total or partial program running of structures and aggregates, total or partial automation of technological processes at the structures or their independent parts. For providing the uninterrupted exploitation of all structures in case of accident of power source or failure of certain elements of automation, than distance or automatic control of purifying structures is substituted by hand control.