Автор- укладач:

Могільовцев С.В. – викладач англійської мови Бердичівського педагогічного коледжу.

Практичний зошит з дисципліни «Іноземна мова (Англійська мова)»: практичний посібник / C.В.Могільовцев. – Бердичів, 2015 – 55 стр.

Практичний посібник для студентів другого курсу напряму підготовки 5.01010601 «Соціальна педагогіка» з дисципліни «Іноземна мова (Англійська мова).

У даному посібнику викладено тексти різноманітної тематики відповідно робочої програми, завдання до них, тренувальні вправи, вправи на відпрацювання граматики, лексики.

В посібнику міститься граматичнй розділ, необхідний для опанування студентами граматичної компетенції, а також практичні завдання до кожної з тем. Посібник є тренувальним інстументарієм для розвитку і вдосконаленню у студентів мовних навичок, а саме здатності правильно вживати граматичні структури в усному і писемному мовленні

Добір навчального матеріалу відповідає вимогам навчальної програми з англійської мови.

Для внтрішнього користування студентами коледжу.

Бердичів - 2015

ENGLISH IN MODERN SOCIETY.....……………………………………………...…………………………LESSON 1-2

ENGLISH AS A WORLD LANGUAGE

   Nowadays English has become the world's most important and most universal language. It is the official language in over forty countries and the most used language in international business, science, medicine, trade and cultural relations. Over 300 million people speak it as a mother tongue.The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the USA, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada, the South Africa Republic.     It is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organisation and other political organisations. It is the language of world's scientific literature and computers technology.

Therefore, it is very useful to learn foreign languages. Knowledge of foreign languages helps us to develop friendship and understanding among people.     England's history helps to understand the present condition of English. Many English words were borrowed from the language of Angles and Saxons. Hundreds of French words came into English. Many new words were brought by traders and travellers.     To know the English language today is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for every good specialist. English is everywhere in our life. It is in signs, clothing, soft drinks, and household products around the world. The names of pop groups, computers software, and magazines are often written in English.     English words are also used as elements of clothes to be included on T-shirts, sweaters, caps etc. Some think English is chic, stylish, even when the language on these designed items makes no sense. Speaking a foreign language you can read newspapers, magazines and original books by great writers, watch satellite TV programs.    If you like travelling you can go anywhere without being afraid that other people will not understand you. English is very important to find a good job. That is why in order to understand ourselves and the world around us we have to study foreign languages and English in particular. GIVE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS

1. Has become the English world's most important language? Why?

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. How many people speak it as a mother tongue?

_____________________________________________________________________________

3. In what countries do people use English as native language?

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. Can you any name English words that have entered the Ukrainian language?

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. What is English to you?

_______________________________________________________________________________

Noun. Іменник plural of nouns. Множина іменників Утворення множини іменників

Іменники в англійській мові, як і в українській, мають два числа: однину й множину. Множина іменників утворюється додаванням до форми од­нини закінчення -(e)s, яке після дзвінких приголосних і голо­сних вимовляється як звук [z], а після глухих приголосних — як [s].

a room — rooms a day — days

a book — books

a ball— balls a sea — seas

a lamp — lamps

a club — clubs a tree — trees

a fork — forks

a wall — walls a table — tables

a street — streets

Іменники, що закінчуються на -s, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch, у множині мають закінчення -es, яке вимовляється [iz]:

a box — boxes a bus — buses

a dress — dresses a bench — benches

До іменників, що закінчуються на -у з попередньою приго­лосною, додається закінчення -es; при цьому у змінюється на і.

a cherry — cherries a berry — berries

a lorry — lorries a factory — factories

У деяких іменниках, що в однині закінчуються на -f, -fe, у множині f змінюється на v з додаванням закінчення

-(e)s.

a life — lives a shelf — shelves

a knife — knives a scarf — scarves

Деякі іменники утворюють множину не за правилами. Їх слід запам'ятати:

a man — men a foot — feet a goose- geese

a woman — women a mouse — mice a tooth – teeth

a child — children a tooth — teeth

Деякі іменники мають тільки форму множини: wages (зарплата), scales (ваги), glasses або spectacles (окуляри), trousers (штани), proceeds (прибуток), scissors (ножиці), riches (багатство), goods (товар), clothes (одяг).

Деякі іменники вживаються тільки в однині: money (гроші), news (новина, новини), advice (порада, по­ради), furniture (меблі), information (інформація), mathematics (математика), phonetics (фонетика), knowledge (знання) та ін.

У складених іменниках закінчення -s приєднується до головного іменника, наприклад: mother-in-law -mothers-in-law.

Exercise 1. До іменників у однині підберіть їх відповідну форму у множині. Прочитайте слова та перекладіть їх українською мовою.

man woman child mouse tooth foot goose fish swine deer ox sheep

mice feet women geese men children oxen fish teeth bacteria swine deer

Exercise 2. Розкрийте дужки та поставте іменники у формі множини, де це необхідно: A: Hello Bob! Where did you spend your week-end? B: I went to the zoo with my children yesterday. It is really one of the biggest ___________(zoo) in Europe. A: Which____________(animal) did you see? B: First, we saw a big lion, two__________(lioness) and some_______(lion-cub). Then we saw two (giraffe), three (rhino) and an (elephant). A: Is that all? B: No, we also saw three_______(camel), a lot of_______(deer) and__________(zebra). A: Did you go to the monkey house? B: Yes, of course. We enjoyed watching these funny________(animal). There were a lot of_________(monkey) there. A: You had a lovely day, don’t you think so? B: I suggest that we go to the zoo together next week. A: I am all for it.

Exercise 3. Поставте іменники у множині, зверніть увагу на вимову закінчень.

Pen, set, bed, tip, lip, test, pin, net, seed, lid, pie, type, pine, pile, list, file, box, book, boss, car, knife, sister, shelf, tie, friend, theatre, letter, brother, tooth, man, deer, ox, photo, class, story, piano, match, page, patch, dish, cage, mass, bench, baby, lady, bag, city, day, army, party, hero, fish, chief.

Exercise 4. Поставте іменники в дужках у множині.

1. Many people were injured when two (car) crashed in the thick fog. 2. We often find rare (book) in this library. 3. In Siberia there are many (wolf) still living in the (forest). 4. Please cut this melon into two (half). 3. King Henry VIII had six (wife). 6. The (thief) broke into the house without attracting attention of (passer-by). 7. Many people think that (parent-in-law) are potentially a nuisance. 8. Shakespearean (hero) are generally the victims of circumstance. 9. The police called for (eyewitness) to come forward and give evidence. 10. Many teachers in schools are (woman) but some are (man). 11. Victor fell off his bicycle and broke two (tooth). 12. The Romans often used (goose) to guard their houses. 13. We have two (child), a boy and a girl. 14. Cats sometimes kill (mouse) for food and for sport. 15. These shoes are too small: my (foot) hurt. 16. Many kinds of (sheep) are raised for the wool, meat, milk, and skin. 17. Buffaloes, bison, and yaks are also called (ox). He arranged that a lot of his (book) should contain detailed (index). 19. The eyes are sometimes (index) of character. 20. He agreed that these were strange (phenomenon). 21. We cannot proceed on such unlikely (hypothesis). 22. He wished to place certain (memorandum) before the committee. 23. The new (syllabus) will be drawn up according to different (criterion). 24. Television and newspapers are mass (medium) of information.

FROM THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH………………...………………………………………………………LESSON 3-4

Read the text and choose the best answer (a–d) to complete the sentences (1–5)

The sixteenth century was full of changes in Europe. The Protestant churches were developed, Europeans began to explore the Americas, Asia and Africa, and creativity and learning in all areas flowered. In England, the English language grew enormously in order to express a huge number of new ideas. At the beginning of the sixteenth century Latin was the language of learning in all of Europe, and it was seen as richer than English and the other spoken European languages. However, with the growth of education, the invention of printing and the new interest in learning, this began to change. More and more people wanted to read books by Roman and Greek writers, and in England they wanted to read them in English. So these books were translated, and other books about learning were written in English. Using English meant that a writer could reach a larger audience, as one sixteenth century printer explained to a writer who preferred Latin: “Though, sir, your book be wise and full of learning ... it will not be so saleable.”

However, the acceptance of English as a language of learning was not complete until the end of the seventeenth century. For example, in 1687, Sir Isaac Newton wrote his “Principia” in Latin, but fifteen years later he wrote “Opticks” in English.

1. In the sixteenth century, the Protestant churches ... in Europe. A declined C developed B emerged D emancipated 2. When the author says, “Creativity and learning in all areas flowered,” the word ‘flowered’ means: A stagnated and died

C grew and expanded B continued yet struggled

D declined and left 3. During the 16th century, Latin was ...

A the language of the proletariat. B the language that most people spoke with their families. C easier to understand than other European language. D the language of education. 4. What began to change the belief in Latin as the richest of the European languages? A education, printing and learning B printing, newspapers and magazines C education, computers and the Internet D learning, sports and public schools 5. When was the acceptance of English as a language of learning completed? A the opening of the 15th century B the end of the 18th century C the closing of the 17th century D the beginning of the 17th century

Exercise 1. Утворіть форму множини від поданих іменників, записавши її у відповідну графу.

bicycle, bus. cherry, knife, man, glass child, house. apple. box, baby. ball, tomato, ferry, leaf. tooth, goose, radio. cliff, dress, torch, city, wife, ox, deer. calf, lox, giraffe, watch, parrot. lady, wolf, dish, boy. woman, melon, sheep, armchair

-s	bicycles
-es	busses
-ies	cherries
-ves	knives
exceptions	men

Exercise 2. Утворіть множину іменників.

1 sheep - sheep ...

2 baby

3 child

4 green leaf

5 old lady

6 radio

7 ox

8 tall woman

9 knife

10 toy

11 policeman

12 raspberry

13 sandwich

14 mouse

15 photo

16 cliff

17 pen

18 watch

19 big foot

20 nice book

C	U

Exercise 3. Позначте літерою ’C’ (countable) - обчислювані іменники та літерою ‘U’ (uncountable )необчислювані іменники:

1. advice

2. plate

3. money

4. safe

5. accommodation

6. deer

7. car

8. furniture

9. piece

10. can

Exercise 4. Підберіть необхідне слово, додайте прийменник of, щоб вказати кількість:

1. some biscuits - four packets of biscuits

2. some bread - three……………………

3. some coffee - two……………………..

4. some soup - two……………………….

5. some pie - four…………………….. …

6. some meat - three……………………..

7. some sugar - two……………………..

8. some juice - three……………………..

9. some champagne - two……………….

10. some flour - four………………………

ENGLISH IN MODERN SOCIETY.....………………………………………...……...……….………………LESSON 4-6

BRITAIN IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE CLASS

IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Britain has been proved to be the dunce of Europe when it comes to learning foreign languages, according to a recent report by the European Commission. More than half of other Europeans can speak at least one foreign language, and often two. However, 66 % of the British population has absolutely no knowledge of any language apart from English and 51 % thought that it would just be ‘too difficult’.

Not everyone seems to have such a negative attitude. Compare these figures with Luxembourg, where only 2 % could not speak a foreign language. Or Sweden, Denmark and Holland, where 80 % of the population claims to speak English. To be fair, not all the other European countries were as good at languages. Fifty-six percent of the Portuguese, 53 % of the Spanish and 51 % of the French spoke only their own languages. According to the report, 18 % of Britons claimed some knowledge of Spanish and 10 % some German. None of this was in evidence recently when the British Tourist Centre (BTC) carried out a little experiment. BTC hired researchers to pretend to be monolingual Spanish and German speakers.

They had to contact hotels to ask questions about accommodation. Eighty-five percent of the hotels contacted were unable to answer even one question in Spanish, and 90 % were unable to answer anything in German. Even more embarrassingly, many of the hotel staff thought ‘Deutsch’ meant the same as ‘Dutch’.

Unsurprisingly, the representative from the BTC was not pleased. The European Commission report found that 69 % of people across the EU believed that everyone in the Union should be capable of speaking English as a foreign language. Is that really an excuse for our ignorance?

1. Britain has proved to be the leader of Europe when it comes to learning foreign languages.

2. Less than half of other European countries cannot speak another foreign language.

3. Not all other European countries were as good at languages as Sweden, Denmark and Holland.

4. Two percent of people in Luxembourg speak a foreign language.

5.The BTC experiment concluded that less than 18 % of Britons spoke Spanish or German.

6. Besides England, Portugal speaks the lowest number of foreign languages.

7. Ninety percent of the hotel staff contacted could not answer questions in German.

8.Many of the hotel staff in Britain thought Deutsch meant Dutch.

9. The representative from the BTC was not pleased that a minority of people speak English in the EU.

10.At the end of this text, ‘our’ is a pronoun referring to the Britons.

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10

WHY DO WE STUDY ENGLISH..………………………………………………………INDEPENDENT WORK NO. 1-2

Read the text below. Translate it. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each space (16—21). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Translate words in bold type.

With thousands of English Language Studying Programmes (16)_____, students often have a difficult time identifying the ideal programme for them. So, in order to make the right choice, students should consider a number of factors.

First, find a programme that will help you to reach your goals, whether they are for business, entrance to a university, or pleasure. Look over the programme’s website and see if you can find a statement which should reveal the programme’s own goals. Ask for a copy of a class syllabus to see (17) _______. Talk to current or former students to see what their experiences were like. Second, look into the teachers’ qualifications to see not only (18) _______ , but also what experiences they have had working with international students. Do the teachers have experience working overseas?

Do they speak another language? If so, they might have a better understanding of the educational backgrounds of their students. Third, ask about the student composition of the programme.

How many nationalities are represented in the classes? A broad mix of students will give you a variety of opportunities to speak English and learn about other foreign cultures. However, even if there are students

(19) _______ , you can still have a very positive experience, especially if the teacher encourages the use of English in class. On the other hand, don’t choose a programme solely based on classroom composition. Remember that you will only be in class a few hours a day, so you’ll actually have more time outside of class (20) _______, so THAT is your real classroom. Then, compare the prices of programmes in the area you want to live. Just remember that price is not the best indicator of a programme’s quality, though keep in mind that better and more experienced instructors are often paid more, and thus, the tuition reflects this. Also, the school might provide good computer, recreational, and educational facilities (21) _______ to a good learning atmosphere, and thus, this can be added to your tuition cost. Thus, as the experience shows, you get what you pay for.

A how long they have been teaching

B that can contribute

C what will be studied in the class

D to interact with people in the community

E high standards of excellence

F caused by the poor preparation

G who speak your language

H spread out around the world

WHY DO WE STUDY ENGLISH?.........................................................................................................LESSON 7-8

П рочитайте текст. Перекладіть на українську мову. Виберіть правильний варіант відповіді.

1. In which city is the language school? Liverpool London

2. How many courses are there?

three four

3. When can you practise speaking?

weekdays weekends

4. How much is the writing course?

£30 £95

5. How long is the listening course?

30 hours 50 hours

6. How many students are there in a speaking class?

maximum 10 maximum 20

7. What time does the school open on Wednesday?

9:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m.

8. What time does the school close on Sunday?

8:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m.

READ	TEACHER	LISTEN	SPEAK	WRITE	STUDENT

Excercise 2.Check your understanding: matching sentence halves. Match the two sentence halves in a table and write a-h next to the number 1-8.

1. 1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8

   L anley School is a in London

2. You can practise listening b. closes early.

3. You can practise writing c. every day

4. A listening course d. lasts 50 hours

5. A speaking course e.very experienced.

6. The teachers are f. on Saturday

7. At weekends, the school g. reading course

8. Lanley School doesn't have a h. lasts 30 hours