Вариант № 5

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Переведите предложения их на русский язык, обращая внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.

1) I am sure that he will be listened to with great attention.

2) Every institute is headed by Rector.

3) The production of special metallurgical alloys is seldom influenced by gravity.

4) The invention of a steam engine was followed by the first industrial revolution.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Письменно переведите предложения.

1) Atom had to serve peaceful purposes.

2) At present our engineers are to develop the most advanced methods of production.

3) Such defects may easily lead to a serious breakdown of the machine.

4) Mercury cannot easily be observed because of its closeness to the Sun.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения слов it, one, that.

1) The successes in chemistry made it possible to obtain a lot of new materials.

2) One must apply the material that can be machined easily.

3) It is the energy of falling water that is used to drive turbines.

4) The peoples know that their joint efforts can secure peace in the whole word

4. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений и их производных.

1) According to Einstein nothing can move faster than light.

2) In our institute library I always find everything I need.

3) There exist no substances which have absolutely the same properties.

4) Everybody who takes interest in modern technology must know the meanings of any technical terms.

5. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык следующий текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 3,4 абзацы.

JAMES WATT

1. James Watt was a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer, known for his improvements of the steam engine.

2. Watt was born on January 19, 1736, in Greenock, Scotland. He worked as a mathematical-instrument maker from the age of 19 and soon became interested in improving the steam engine which was used at that time to pump out water from mines.

3. Watt determined the properties of steam, especially the relation of its density to its temperature and pressure, and designed a separate condensing chamber for the steam engine that prevented large losses of steam in the cylinder. Watt's first patent, in 1769, covered this device and other improvements on steam engine.

4. At that time, Watt was the partner of the inventor John Roebuck, who had financed his researches, In 1775, however, Roebuck's interest was taken over by the manufacturer Matthew Boulton, owner of the Soho Engineering Works at Birmingham, and he and Watt began the manufacture of steam engines. Watt continued his research and patented several other important inventions, including the rotary engine for driving various types of machinery; the double-action engine, in which steam is admitted alternately into both ends of the cylinder; and the steam indicator, which records the steam pressure in the engine. He retired from the firm in 1800 and thereafter devoted himself entirely to research work.

5. The misconception that Watt was the actual inventor of the steam engine arose from the fundamental nature of his contributions to its development. The centrifugal or flyball governor, which he invented in 1788, and which automatically regulated the speed of an engine, is of particular interest today. It embodies the feedback principle of a servomechanism, linking output to input, which is the basic concept of automation. The watt, the unit of power, was named in his honour. Watt was also a well-known civil engineer. He invented, in 1767, an attachment that adapted telescopes for use in the measurement of distances. Watt died in Heathfield, near Birmingham, in August 1819.

6. Перепишите следующие вопросы к тексту и письменно на них ответьте.

1) What is James Watt famous for?

2) What was he at the age of 19?

3) What are Watt’s main inventions?

СПИСОК ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

1. Агабекян, И.П. Английский язык для технических вузов / И.П. Агабекян. – Ростов н/Д.: Феникс, 2007.

2. Орловская И.В. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов / И.В. Орловская, Л.С. Семенова, А.И. Скубриева. – 11-е изд. – М.: Изд-во МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2010.

3. Полякова, Т.Ю. Английский язык для инженеров: учебник / Т.Ю. Полякова [и др.]. – 7 изд., испр. – М.: Высшая школа, 2009.

4. Хведченя Л.В., Васючкова О.И., Елисеева Т.В. и др. «Английский язык для студентов заочной формы обучения»: Учеб. Пособие. – Мн.: Выш. шк., 1998.

5. Шляхова В.А., Любимова Т.Д. «Английский язык». Контрольные задания для студентов технических специальностей высших учебных заведений: Учеб.-метод. пособие. – М.: Высш. шк., 2000.

Учебное издание

Гайворонская Наталия Ивановна

Смирнова Светлана Александровна