Examination Test on lexicology

1. Which of the following words contain diminutive suffixes?

an ending that is added to a word to express smallness, for example 'ling' added to 'duck' to make 'duckling'

2. What is the meaning of the underlined parts of words: monolingual, monosyllable, monologue

3. Which of the following words are derived compounds?

Four kinds of word-formation
Prefixation (derivational)	Suffixation (derivational)	Compounding (derivational)	Conversion (not derivational)
Affix placed before base of word, e.g. disobey	Affix placed after base of word, e.g. kindness	Two base forms are added together, e.g.blackbird	Word changes class, without any change of form, e.g. (the) pet (n) becomes (to) pet (vb.)

4. An allomorph is: Any of the variant forms of a morpheme. For example, the phonetic (s) of cats (kăts), (z) of pigs (pĭgz), and (ĭz) horses (hôr′sĭz) are allomorphs of the English plural morpheme.

.5. The basic aim of the derivational analysis of the word structure is: The derivational base is the part of the word which establishes connections with the lexical unit that motivates the derivative and defines its lexical meaning. It's to this part of the word (derivational base) that the rule of word formation is applied. Structurally, derivational bases fall into 3 classes: 1. Bases that coincide with morphological stems (beautiful, beautifully); 2. Bases that coincide with word-forms (unknown- limited mainly to verbs); 3. Bases that coincide with word groups. They are mainly active in the class of adjectives and nouns (blue-eyed, easy-going).

6. What is clipping? Clipping is the word formation process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of the word. Clipping differs from back-formation in that the new word retains the meaning of the original word. For example:

advertisement – ad

alligator – gator

examination – exam

gasoline – gas

gymnasium – gym

influenza – flu

laboratory – lab

mathematics – math

7. What is blending? Blending is the word formation process in which parts of two or more words combine to create a new word whose meaning is often a combination of the original words. For example:

advertisement + entertainment → advertainment

biographical + picture → biopic

breakfast + lunch → brunch

chuckle + snort → chortle

cybernetic + organism → cyborg

guess + estimate → guesstimate

hazardous + material → hazmat

motor + hotel → motel

prim + sissy → prissy

simultaneous + broadcast → simulcast

smoke + fog → smog

8. Which of the following pairs of words has the verb derived from the noun?

9. Sound imitation, reduplication, clipping, abbreviation are:.word formation

10. Compound words are: Compound words may be written as one word or as two words joined with a hyphen. For example:

noun-noun compound: note + book → notebook

adjective-noun compound: blue + berry → blueberry

verb-noun compound: work + room → workroom

noun-verb compound: breast + feed → breastfeed

verb-verb compound: stir + fry → stir-fry

adjective-verb compound: high + light → highlight

verb-preposition compound: break + up → breakup