Задания для самостоятельной работы Вариант 1

I. Сопоставьте слова:

1. bridge

2. structure

3. road

4. complex

5. steel

6. construction

7. girder

8. beam

9. pier

10. flyover

1. балка

2. сталь

3. структура

4. мост

5. эстакада

6. опора моста

7. брус

8. построение

9. сложный

10. дорога

II. Переведите с английского языка на русский:

truss, compose, tension, compression, layout, support, weight, height, stretch, anchor

III. Переведите с русского языка на английский:

уменьшать, подвеска, добавлять, включать, форма, перемещать, прикреплять, расстояние, снабжать, кругообразный,

IV. Переведите предложения с английского языка на русский:

1. The designer must select and adapt such materials that will give the most effective result by the most economical means.

2. High alumina cement is a material containing alumina.

3. Portland cement can be modified to suit a particular application.

4. The most important building materials are structural steel and concrete.

5. Concrete is an artificial conglomerate of crushed stone, gravel or similar inert material with a mortar.

6. A bridge is a structure which is built to link two areas of land over an obstacle such as valleys, rivers, lakes and oceans.

7. A beam bridge has a very simple structure and can be made of anything.

8. A truss is a structure composed of triangular units that are connected at joints.

9. Аn arch bridge is a semicircular structure with supports known as the abutments on each end.

10. In cable-stayed bridges, the cables are attached to the towers, which bear the load.

V. Переведите текст:

Types of building materials

Houses are a basic need for every human being. From caves to modern well built houses. Houses are made from different materials; materials like stones, clay, husk, wood, concrete, bricks, cement and thatch. However many of these materials are not in use any more in most modern constructions. Now as we all know, most structures are built with cement and concrete, but to save costs people still use other materials along with concrete, most notably wood. Here is some information on few of the many types of materials used to construct houses:

Stone or Rock

Stones have been used for the purpose of construction since the era of cavemen. Rock and stone brick structures made hundreds of years ago still exist in good and strong condition.

Wood

Wood is used for the purpose of constructions in many parts of the world. Wood is cut down and pressed to form boards and planks for use in construction. Wood has proved to be flexible and resistant against climate harshness.

Clay

Clay is the most common material used to build houses, especially the houses in country sides are made from clay and mud. To make houses it is mixed with some quantity of straws and grass. Along with straw, grass and mud, clay is a main ingredient of cob style houses. The main of reason of using clay is its ability to keep the house cool in summers and warm in winter.

Cement

Cement is used in construction to join brick and stones together. It is also used to bind wood and also to bind pre-cast building materials.