3.5 Прочитай, переведи текст employment и замени выделенные слова в тексте:

• and enterprises

• and related electronic

• computer systems

• contract basis

• establishments

• in most industries

• software

1) Computer программное обеспечение engineers hold about 857,000 jobs in the United States. 2) Approximately 507,000 were computer applications software engineers, and about 350,000 were компьютерные системы software engineers. 3) Although they are employed в большинстве отраслей, the largest concentration of computer software engineers -- more than 29 percent -- is in computer systems design and related services.

4) Many computer software engineers also work for учреждений in other industries, such as software publishers, government agencies, manufacturers of computers и связанных электронных equipment, financial institutions, insurance providers, and management of companies и предприятий.

5) An increasing number of computer software engineers work as independent consultants on a temporary or на договорной основе, many of whom are self-employed.

6) About 17,000 computer software engineers are self-employed.

3.6 Прочитай, переведи текст overview и поставь слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получилось полноценное предложение:

1. Software developers, prior to, software, the mid-1960s, called themselves, computer programmers, practitioners, actual, or, regardless of their, jobs.

2. Agree, because most, many people, software developer and, prefer to call themselves, what these terms mean, programmer, widely, while software engineer, is still being debated.

3. Skills, the term, has often been used, to refer to, as a pejorative term, those without the tools, programmer, education, or ethics to write good quality software.

4. In response, the word programmer, called themselves, many practitioners, software engineers,  stigma attached to, to escape the.

5. In many companies, for many categories of, the titles programmer and,  were changed to, software developer, software engineer, programmers.

3.7 Прочитай, переведи текст EMPLOYMENT и заполни пропуски: businesses, Specializations, software engineers, specialists, work, organizations, companies, for example, Entry-level, In large projects, same time, employment, skills and reputation.

1) Most … work as employees or contractors. 2) Software engineers work with …, government agencies (civilian or military), and non-profit organizations. 3) Some software engineers … on their own as Consulting Software Engineers. 4) Some organizations have … to perform each of the tasks in the software development process. 5) Other … required software engineers to do many or all of them. 6) … Software Engineer or Associate Software Engineer may be best. 7) Some … offer Software Engineer as an entry level position. 8) …, people may specialize in only one role. 9) In small projects, people may fill several or all roles at the …. 10) … include: in industry (analysts, architects, developers, testers, technical support, managers) and in academia (educators, researchers).

11) There is considerable debate over the future … prospects for Software Engineers and other IT Professionals. 12) … , an online futures market called the Future of IT Jobs in America attempts to answer whether there will be more IT jobs, including software engineers, in 2012 than there were in 2002. 13) Possible opportunities for Advancement can be as a Software Engineer, then to a Senior Software Engineer, or straight to a Senior Software Engineer, depending on ….

3.8 Прочитай, переведи текст IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION и заполни пропуски: fear, impacted by globalization, workers, statistics, developed world, being promoted, people skills, during recessions, reasonable command.

1) Many students in the … have avoided degrees related to software engineering because of the … of offshore outsourcing (importing software products or services from other countries) and of being displaced by foreign visa …. 2) Although government … do not currently show a threat to software engineering itself; a related career, computer programming does appear to have been affected. 3) Often one is expected to start out as a computer programmer before … to software engineer. 4) Thus, the career path to software engineering may be rough, especially ….

5) Some career counselors suggest a student also focus on "…" and business skills rather than purely technical skills because such "soft skills" are allegedly more difficult to offshore. 6) … over reading, writing & speaking English is asked by most of employers. 7) It is the quasi-management aspects of software engineering that appear to be what has kept it from being ….