Вариант 7
Задание 1. Спишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.
Steam turbines are classified as the main turbines, which ensure propulsion of the ship auxiliary turbines, driving the pumps, fans, compressors etc. As to the construction and principles of operation the turbines are impulse and traction. You see the cross-section of an impulse turbine. The steam enters the nozzles, expands passes through the moving blades at constant pressure.
The diagrams show the pressure drop and increase in velocity. Main turbines are only multi-stage impulse turbines. They are installed in such ships as the "Leninsky Komsomol''. Now we'll describe the main geared turbine set of the ships of the "Leninsky Komsomol" type with 13,000 b.h.p.The set is is a two-casing unit consisting of H.P. and L.P. turbine with aster element, double-reduction gear with the main thrust bearing, main condenser and maneuvering arrangement, H.P. turbine is of impulse type with 10 stages ; L.P. turbine is also of impulse type and has 9 pressure stages, together with 3 astern stages.
Main condenser is placed under H.P.turbine. It is of double-flow, regenerative type. The turbine develops 1000 r.p.rn.,steam pressure is 40 ata, steam temperature 45*C, efficiency 75 per cent. With this we end our film about marine steam turbines.
Задание 2.Выпишите из текста I задания глаголы в страдательном залоге, укажите их неопределенную форму.
Задание 3. Спишите, расшифруйте и переведите следующие сокращения:
L.P.; l/min.; sq./cm;No.; lb.; I.D.; etc.;h.p.
Задание 4. Спишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык.
The diesel engine cooling system is of a double-circuit forced type.
The M401A diesel engine lubrication system comprises: oil pump with a fiill-flow centrifuge, a gear type scavenge oil pump, coarse double streiners, oil and fLiel priming unit and oil temperature regulator type RTM-32.
Задание 5. Спишите текст и переведите его письменно.
The Thief.
Mr. Brown was once lying in bed when a man entered his room and tried to open the lock of his writing desk. The thief was sure that Mr. Brown was asleep, and he was astonished when he heard a loud laugh from behind him.
"What are you laughing at ?" asked the thief.
"I laugh, my friend", said Mr. Brown, "when 1 think what risks you are taking in the hope of finding money by night in a desk where the owner of it can never find any by day." The thief left the place at once.
Вариант 8
Задание 1. Спишите текст и переведите его на русский язык.
Diesel engines operate on either the two-stroke or the four-stroke cycle in the cylinder. There are four strokes in these engines-the suction stroke, the compression stroke, the power working stroke(i. e. Combustion and expansion) and the exhaust stroke. Two revolutions of the crankshaft are required to complete the cycle. We see here the inlet valves and the exhaust valves.
In the two-stroke engine instead of valves there are ports- the exhaust ports'and scavenge ports. The stokes constitute the cycle- the compression stroke and the power stroke (i. e. Combustion, expansion and scavenging). One revolution of the crankshaft is required to complete the cycle.
The "Horizont" is a motorship. Her d. W. Is 6, 1271; power- 3250 h.p.,speed-13 knots with the engine-room located amidships. She is equipped with MAN K-6-Z-57/80 mm (i.e. cylinder bore and piston stroke)diesel engine crosshead two-stroke, reversible, with loop scavenging, developing 185 r.p.m.
Exhaust gases leave the cylinder through the exhaust ports to the constant- pressure turbine, which drives centrifugal air compressor. Scavenging port are located lower than the exhaust ones.
The motion from the piston and piston rod is transmitted to the crankshaft through the crosshead and connecting rod.
Задание 2. Выпишите из текста задания 1 глаголы в страдательном залоге и укажите их неопределенную форму.
Задание 3. Спишите, переведите и расшифруйте технические сокращения:
O.D.; fig.; ft;H.P.;atm; I.D.; Ltd.; sp. g.r.;lbs/sq. in.
Задание 4. Спишите предложения и переведите их.
Reaction turbines are turbines in which fixed and moving blades act as nozzles.
Moreand more ships are equipped with-steam turbines.
The bedplate is a long cast iron box, which holds the cylinders, crankshaft and main bearings.
Main turbines, as a rule, develop about 8000 r.p.m.*
Задание 5. Спишите текст и переведите его со словарем.
Samuel Morse, inventor of the telegraph, was born in 1791 at Charlestown, in the United States of America. When he was a young man, he liked painting. He studied art in London .When he returned to America, he opened a studio in Boston as a portrait painter.
In 1829 Morse sailed for Europe to study classic art in Italy. He was an artist and knew little about science. But at the age of forty-one, far out in the Atlantic Ocean, his life changed The ship sailing from France to New York carried many passengers among whom was Dr. Jackson. He told Morse that electricity could be found in any part of a long wire, it could be used to send messages.