2. Завершите предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1. Labour is any work… .

2. Economists are interested in … .

3. Human labour produces … .

4. The surplus is not usually available … .

5. The sugar market and the cotton market are … .

6. Buyers and sellers may communicate … .

7. In a perfect market there can be … .

8. The price ruling in the market indicates … .

1. … only one price for any given commodity.

b) … are not geographical locations.

c) … measuring the services which people render to each other.

d) … by letter, by cable, by telephone or through their agents.

5. … the point where supply and demand meet.

f) … both goods and services.

g) … undertaken in return for a fixed payment.

h) … only for employers and their families.

3. Подберите английский эквивалент слову, данному в скобках.

1. Economists are interested in measuring the services which people (оказывают ) to each other.

1. receive, c) compete,

2. render, d)pay.

2. The workers receive their (заработную плату ) .

1. surplus, c) interest,

2. profits, d) wages.

3. The employees of any business are not expected to bear any risk of (вкладывания ) capital.

1. investing, c)taking,

2. buying, d)restricting.

1. (Накопление ) of capital is almost always deliberate.

1. combination, c) producing,

2. accumulation, d) locating.

5. Changes in supply and demand lead to considerable (колебания) in price.

1. competition, c) fluctuations,

2. fall, d) rise.

6. Monopoly can affect the sale and the (покупка ) of certain com­modities.

1. purchase, c) demand,

2. production, d) supply.

7. Governments have to take legal actions (ограничивать ) any business activities directed towards ‘cornering the market’.

1. to operate, c) to dislike,

2. to affect, d) to restrict.

7. In legal monopolies the law permits certain individuals ( получать прибыль ) from their special inventions.

1. to control, c) to benefit,

2. to restrict, d) to compete.

4. Найдите русский эквивалент, соответствующий следующим предложениям.

1. It is not labour in the strict economic sense.

2. Human labour produces both goods and services.

3. Employers obtain their net profits only after they have paid all expenses arising of their business activity.

4. There is always an element of risk in providing capital for new business.

5. If a business is successful, the financial risk has been justified.

6. Any business must compete on the market with other companies.

7. In some market there may be only one seller or a cartel of sellers working very closely together to control prices.

8. There are four forms of monopolies: state, private, legal and natural monopolies.

1. Существует четыре формы монополий: государственная, частная, юридическая и природная монополии.

2. На некоторых рынках может быть только один продавец или картель продавцов, работающих вместе с целью контроля цен.

3. Если бизнес успешен, значит финансовый риск был оправдан.

4. Любой бизнес вынужден конкурировать на рынке с другими компаниями, производящими такой же товар.

5. Работодатель получает чистую прибыль только после того, как уплатит все расходы, возникающие в процессе его деятельности.

6. Человеческий труд производит как товар, так и услуги.

7. Всегда существует элемент риска в предоставлении капитала для нового бизнеса.

8. Это не является трудом в строго экономическом смысле.