2. Согласитесь со следующими утверждениями или опровергните их (по тексту задания №1).

Образец: 1. Scotland Yard was created in 1829.

I agree.

2. Scotland Yard was created in 1929.

I disagree. Scotland Yard was created in 1929.

1) Court is a room where all the information concerning an offence is given so that it can be judged. 2) Lawyer is one of the persons or sides in a legal dispute. 3) Party is someone whose job is to advise people about laws, write formal agreements, or represent people in court. 4) Clerk is someone who sees a crime and can -describe what happened. 5) Witness is an official in charge of the records of a court. 6) Probation officer is an official of the legal system who watches prisoners and keeps order in a court of law. 7) Bailiff is someone whose job is to watch, advise, and help people who have broken the law and are on probation. 8) Judge is a system that allows some criminals not to go to prison, if they behave well and see a probation officer regularly, for a fixed period of time. 9) Jury is a member of a jury. 10) Juror is a group of 12 ordinary people who listen to details of a case in court and decide whether someone is guilty or not. 11) Probation is the official with authority to hear and decide how criminals should be punished.

3. Запишите форму множественного числа существительных.

A pupil, a subject, a fox, a tooth, a boss.

4. Заполните пропуски артиклями, если это необходимо.

4.1. I have read … lot about this author.

4.2. Gagarin was … first cosmonaut of … world. Minsk is … largest city in Belarus.

4.3. His favourite subject is … physics. Mary is good at …history.

5. Определите время, в котором использованы глаголы, в следующих предложениях.

5.1. Look! Boris is writing a very difficult text. He always explains difficult texts carefully.

5.2. He usually doesn’t work much but now he is working very hard preparing for the seminar.

5.3. The plant has been producing cars since 1903.

6. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя Present Indefinite, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous.

6.1. Я занимаюсь английским (вообще).

6.2. Я занимаюсь английским (сейчас).

6.3. Я занимаюсь английским в течение 5 лет.

6.4. Я уже выполнил перевод этой статьи.

7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Passive.

1. Tea (to drink) every day.

2. The letter (to receive) next week.

3. Nick (to send) to Moscow yesterday.

4. He (to ask) at the lesson last Friday.

5. I (to give) a very interesting book at the library soon.

Вариант XVII

1.Переведите текст, используя словарь. Запишите перевод.

Jury

Jury is a group of laymen who participate in deciding cases brought to trial. These laymen are recruited at random from the widest population for the trial of a particular case. They are allowed to deliberate in secrecy, to reach a decision, and to make it public without giving reasons. Throughout its history, it has been both overpraised as a charter of liberty and overcriticized as a reliance on incompetent amateurs in the administration of justice. Most jurisdictions exempt some groups from jury service: police officers, lawyers and doctors. All jurisdictions excuse jurors if the service imposes undue hardship. The commitment of important decisions to a random group of laypersons are moderated by an elaborate screening, voir dire, which is conducted by trial counsel before a trial. The law permits counsel to challenge prospective jurors either for cause (challenge for cause), if there is specific likelihood of bias or, for a limited number, to challenge them without having to give a reason (peremptory challenge). Criminal cases are brought by the state against a person or persons accused of having committed a crime. The state is called the plaintiff; the accused person is called the defendant. The charge against the defendant is called a complaint. The defendant pleads not guilty and the jury should presume the defendant's innocence throughout the entire trial unless the plaintiff proves that the defendant is guilty. В criminal cases the verdict must be unanimous, that is, all jurors (traditionally 12) must agree that the defendant is guilty in order to overcome the presumption of innocence. When they cannot agree on a verdict (termed a hung jury in the United States), the judge declares a mistrial, which means the case must be tried anew.

Laymen - неспециалисты; at random -наугад; deliberate - обдумывать; in secrecy - тайно; reach a decision - прийти к решению; reliance - зависимость; incompetent - некомпетентный; amateur - дилетант; administration of justice - отправление правосудия; jurisdiction -судебная практика; exempt - исключать; excuse - освобождать от обязанности; undue -чрезмерный; hardship - неудобство; commitment - передача; moderate - смягчать; elaborate -тщательно разработанный; screening - отбор; voir dire (говорить правду) - допрос судом присяжного на предмет выяснения его беспристрастности и непредубежденности; trial counsel - адвокат, выступающий в суде; challenge for cause - отвод по конкретному основанию; likelihood - вероятность; bias - предубеждение; peremptory challenge - отвод без указания причины; hung jury - состав присяжных, не пришедший к единому мнению; mistrial - судебный процесс без единодушного решения присяжных.