Vocabulary practice

1. The following words you met in your new text. Check them in your dictionary and fill in the gaps in the sentences given below.

suction (n) engine(n) rig (n) crash (n) turret (n) jack(n)

1. Modern fire departments have ____ which can pump from 500 to 1,500 gallons per minute.

2. To prevent fires airport fire trucks spread foam on a plane that is forced to make a ____ landing.

3. These ____ are capable of operating on paved highways.

4. A fire pump can be connected to several fire hydrants at once for water supply or can take water by ______ from rivers.

5. The boats are equipped with large pumps plus heavy _____, nozzles, and quantities of large-diameter hose.

Stability is provided by a heavy-duty ground ______ system

2. Odd man out. In each line choose one word that doesn’t belong to the group and explain why you think so:

1. portable ladder – high temperature – turntable platform – storage compartment – supporting jack

2. fire fighter – pump – hose connection – extension ladder – booster line;

3. Aerial Ladder Trucks - Quads – Crash Trucks – Harvesters – Pumpers - Rescue Trucks – Fireboats

3. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column:

A pumper	are quadruple, or four-purpose, trucks. They carry pumps, hose lines, ladders, and as much as 1000 gallons of water.
Crash Trucks	carry extension ladders that can be raised as high as 100 feet by powerful motors on the trucks. Some of them have four wheels, but the largest ones are six-wheel, trailer trucks.
Quads	carries hose, water tanks, and a pump that can shoot up to 1,000 gallons of water a minute through hose lines.
Aerial Ladder Trucks	serve the fire departments of airports. They are specially built to spray water or foam on burning airplanes.

SPEAKING

The article below tells us about some difficulties in fire truck maintenance. Read it and get ready to discuss these problems.

Fire Apparatus Design

Modern fire apparatus has greatly increased in length, width, height and weight. These factors have created some unique problems. Blind spots are created on some vehicles and affect right-hand turns and backing of the vehicle. Whenever possible, avoid backing apparatus. It is normally safer and quicker to drive around the block. There are situations where it is necessary to back apparatus and, when it is essential, backing should be done with utmost caution. Never back an apparatus without at least one man on foot to clear the way and direct the driver. This practice also applies when backing into a fire station. In some situations two fire-fighters to direct the driver is preferred. Such would be the case when trying to turn an apparatus completely around (180°) under the stress of an emergency on crowded, narrow streets. This type manoeuvre is usually not needed since; once again, driving around the block would be faster and easier. Depending on the design, some aerial equipment will have overhang problems either in front or rear. Be extremely cautious not to ram the aerial tip, elevating platform or bucket into overhead wires, trees or other obstructions.

Work in the groups of four to prepare and act out a role play.

You are to discuss how to improve fire fighting machines. Use four roles given below:

Role 1. A fire-fighter. – You want to have powerful and easy in maintenance fire truck. You are to listen to all your “colleagues” and give your opinion concerning the subject.

Role 2. A designer of the fire truck. – You have some new ideas as for fire truck design. You want to discuss advantages and disadvantages of your future vehicle (a new make of automobile).

Role 3. A shop assistant of a supermarket. – You think that there is no sense to design new fire trucks. Some special - purposed trucks can be converted into ‘fire’ trucks and equipped with the help of special fire fighting tools and equipment.

Role 4. A manager at the National Fire fighting Apparatus Corporation. – You are sure that fire machinery produced at the plants nowadays need some improvement but should not be equipped at supermarkets.

Work together to devise a new design of a “super” fire truck. Supply the chart and description of your truck.