Vocabulary practice

1. 1. Look at the words given below.

Match antonyms to the words given in group A.

Match synonyms to the words given in group B.

Which words can you translate without consulting the dictionary?

A.

light rapidly to unite to obtain rapid union heat

– slow, – slowly – to separate – separation – to give away – cold – darkness

В.

gasoline threat to flame

– danger – benzene, petroleum, fuel – to burn, to set the fire

2. Find the international words in the sentences and translate them. Pay attention to the pronunciation of these words. What is the difference in Ukrainian and English variants of pronunciation?

As a substance burns, heat and light are produced.

This process may be described by any of the three words.

All substances do not burn in the same manner.

Most of the energy caused by a fire goes into heat

Antoine Lavoisier was a French chemist, who proved that burning is the result of the rapid union of oxygen with other substances.

Visible smoke generally accompanies fire.

Heat presents a physical danger to man because of hot gases and radiation.

3. In the following line choose one word that doesn’t belong to the group and explain why you think so:

1. oxygen, wood, carbon, hydrogen

2. iron, lumber, oil, magnesium

3. gas, coal, charcoal, wood

Divide the words into the following groups: Chemical substances. Fuels. Gases. Mineral resources:

4. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column:

1. A fire lighter	is a burning pile of wood, coal or other fuel that you have made and set the light to, for example in order to keep yourself warm or cook food over.
2. Fire-fighting	is a small block of material which burns easily, used to start a fire burning.
3. A firework	is a small object with chemicals inside it that burns with clouded flames, sparks, or smoke when you light it and often makes loud noises too.
4. Bonfire	is the work of putting off fires

5. Make up the sentences from the following:

1. Fireisactuallyabyproductofalargerprocesscalledcombustion.

2. Fireandcombustionaretwowordsusedinterchangeably.

3. Howeverfirefightersshouldunderstandthedifference.

4. Combustionistheselfsustainingprocessofrapidoxidationofafuel,whichproducesheatandlight.

Fireistheresultofarapidcombustionreaction.

6. Choose the correct word and fill in the gaps in the sentences:

1) Substances that burn in air are nearly always compounded of (two, twelve, twenty) elements.

2) Heat is the combustion product most responsible for the (beginning, spread, finish) of a fire in a building.

3) (Visible, invisible, black, white) smoke generally accompanies fire.

4) Early man used a flaming piece of (wood, coal, tree, grass) as a torch for lightning of his house.

5) Heat presents a (physical, material, moral) danger to man.

7. Make sentences out of the following.