IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений; выберите правильный перевод подчеркнутого местоимения.

1. There is a school of crafts in the Russian Museum of Ethnography, where any visitor can make products from clay, rod, and glass bears, or engage in weaving.

a) каждый, b) любой, c) какой-либо

2.Some folklore ensembles use Russian costumes for their performance.

a) все, b) каждый, c) некоторые

3. An old man and his wife had no children to help with their housework.

a) никого, b) ничего, c) нет верного варианта

V. В следующих предложениях сказуемое используется в а) Present Simple, b) Past Simple, c) Present Perfect, d) Past Perfect. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Since the 6^th century, Slavic tribes have played an important role in history, and information on them has become more detailed and complete.

2. Christianity helped unite the Russian people and promoted the development of a written language.

3. The exhibits of the Russian Museum show the development of Russian Art.

4. By the late February, 1942, the Red Army had liberated the Moscow and Tula regions, and several districts in the Kalinin, Leningrad, Oryol and Smolensk regions.

5. Moscow is the port of five seas.

VI. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функцию выделенного существительного в предложении. Укажите, выполняет ли оно функцию: a) подлежащего, b) определения, c) дополнения, d) обстоятельства.

1. Christianity is the world religion derived from teaching of Jesus Christ in the 1^st third of the first Christian century.

2. Vyeche, an assembly of the free citizens of Novgorod, governed the state: the boyars, merchants and “black people”, i.e, artisans and petty traders.

3. Yury Dolgoruky was an astute politician who not only won independence for his principality, but sought to establish its supremacy in Russia.

4. A New Sudebnik (in 1550) tried to settle questions concerning the land and the peasant and the reorganization of central and local organization.

5. Ivan IV reorganized the army, and created a permanent army, “the Streltsi”.

VII. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык. Moscow during the Great Patriotic War of 1941 – 1945

At the end of September, the German Command launched a general offensive against Moscow. The German Command strove to encircle and smash the Soviet troops defending the capital and break into the city.

On October 19^th, the State Defense Committee declared a state of siege in the city and called on the people to help the Red Army. 120 000 volunteer divisions had been formed; 42 000 people joined the city’s anti-aircraft defense force and destroyer battalions. 500 000 inhabitants were putting up defenses. People were working hard at Moscow factories and everywhere else on the home front. More and more reserves were arriving in the capital from all the regions of the country.

November 1941 was a fateful period for Moscow. The fascists were standing at the approaches to the city. On November 7, 1941, despite the nearness of the front line, the traditional Red Army parade took place in Red Square. After the march-past, the troops started straight for the front line. In the middle of November, the enemy started a fresh offensive against Moscow. The Hitler clique realized that the battle of Moscow would decide its fate, the fate of German fascism. But the enemy effort to capture Moscow at all costs had failed. Thousands of Soviet people took part in its defense. Everybody knows about the heroism of the 316^th Rifle Division under I. Panfilov. The soldiers of these divisions showed heroism and self-sacrifice on a mass scale. It was manned by Russians, Ukrainians, and Kazakhs. Near Dubosekovo, Panfilov’s 28 heroic riflemen held their ground against 50 tanks. Most of them died a heroic death, but they had done their duty.