Упражнение 1. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. How many universities are there in Great Britain?

2. What institutions of higher education in Great Britain do you know?

3. What are the oldest British Universities?

4. Why Redbrick universities are called so?

5. Why did “the new universities” quickly become popular?

6. All British Universities are private institutions, aren’t they?

7. What did you learn about The Open University?

8. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of higher education in Great Britain.

Higher Education in the USA.

Слова и словосочетания к тексту:

graduate school	—	старшие курсы
term n	—	семестр
five point scale	—	пятибалльная система
tuition	—	обучение
secondary education	—	среднее образование
evaluate v	—	оценивать

Прочитайте и переведите текст, сравните систему образования в Великобритании и сша.

There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Higher education is given in colleges and universities. The main difference between a college and a university is that a university is a collection of colleges each of which specializes in a different field. There are over 2100 various higher educational institutions, including colleges, technological institutes and universities. American colleges and universities are either private or public.

The American higher school offers a wide variety of courses. In the same higher school a student can specialize in economics, in chemistry and physics, Latin and humanities or in mechanics. The average college course of study is four years. During this period a student studies four or five major subjects per year. In addition, students usually have classes in physical education, music and arts. The first two years are continuation of secondary education then a student begins an extensive study in his field.

The academic year is usually nine months or two terms (semesters) of four and a half months each. Classes usually begin in September and end in June. After four years they get a traditional Bachelor’s Degree. Then the students may go on to the graduate school and within a year or two of further study get a Master’s Degree.

After another year or two of studies and research they may get a higher degree of a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D.). The student’s progress is evaluated by means of tests, term works and final examinations at the end of each course. The student’s work is given a mark on a five point scale. Letters indicate the level of achievements. “A” is the highest mark. “F” denotes a failure.

Most American colleges charge for tuition. The methods of training are lectures, discussions, laboratory and course works and seminars.

Lesson 3

The State Marine Technical University

Слова и словосочетания к тексту:

found v	—	основывать
prominent a	—	выдающийся
carry out v	—	выполнять, проводить
department n	—	отделение, специализация, кафедра
naval architect	—	инженер-кораблестроитель
ship designing	—	проектирование, конструирование судов
ship repair	—	судоремонт
marine engineer	—	судовой механик
ship power engineering	—	судовое машиностроение
automatic control systems	—	системы автоматического управления
various types of ships	—	различные виды судов
establish v	—	основывать
design v	—	конструировать
produce v	—	производить, выпускать
marine technology	—	морские технологии
application n	—	применение, внедрение
device n	—	прибор
equipment n	—	оборудование
opportunity n	—	возможность
academic staff	—	профессорско-преподавательский состав
computer science	—	информатика
strength of materials	—	сопротивление материалов
science of materials	—	материаловедение
follow v	—	следовать
compulsory a	—	обязательный
undergraduate n	—	студент старших курсов
graduate n	—	выпускник
graduate from v	—	заканчивать учебное заведение
scientific research	—	научные исследования
join v	—	вступать, присоединяться
society n	—	общество
various a	—	различный
investigation n	—	научное исследование
supervision n	—	надзор, наблюдение, контроль
degree course	—	полный курс обучения