Remember!

Some word combinations in which only the indefinite article is used.

Some word combinations in which only the definite article is used.

as a matter of fact;

totakethefloor;

to have a look;

to tell the time;

to have a smoke;

to tell the truth;

to have a mind to;

to play the piano (the violin,etc.);

to take a fancy to;

to take the trouble;

to have a headache (toothache, etc.)

to go to the theatre (the cinema);

to go for a walk;

in the distance;

to be in a hurry;

in the morning (the afternoon, the evening);

to be at a loss;

in the street, etc.

to be in a position to do smth.;

No article before nouns

Rules

Example

Before countable nouns in plural form

They are therapists

These are very good flowers

Before uncountable nouns/ or people in general

Life begins early in Astana

Crime is a problem in many countries

Doctors are paid more than teachers

Before nouns breakfast, lunch, dinner, tea, supper, having the meaning of time and process of taking a meal

We have lunch at 11 a.m.

Before nouns bed, school, town, table, sea, which are usually used with prepositions and lost the meaning of an object

to go to bed

Before many other nouns in prepositional constructions

by train at night

Remember some verbal type expressions in which nouns are used without an article

to take place

to keep house

Before proper nouns

Moscow, France;

Smith, Petrov

Before names of week days and months

Monday, Tuesday,

January, February

When you address to a member of the family and relatives (Father, Mother, Aunt, etc.), and the nouns are usually written from the capital letter

Father! Can you help me?

Regular verbs

(the 2d and 3d verb forms are changed by adding the ending ed to the 1 st form)

infinitive

(the 1-st form)

Past Simple Tense

(the 2-nd form)

Past Participle

(the 3-d form)

to want

wanted

wanted

Irregular verbs

the 2-nd and 3-d verb forms are different in spelling

the 1-st form

the 2-nd form

the 3-d form

The verb ends in a letter е

tolive

the letter e is omitted when the ending ed is added

lived

lived

The verb ends in a letter у preceded by a consonant

tostudy

the letter уis changed into i

and the ending ed is added

studied

studied

The verb ends in a letter у

preceded by a vowel

to stay

the letter у is kept and the endinged is added

stayed

stayed

If the verb has only one syllable + one vowel+ one consonant, you need to double the consonant

tostop

when you add ed the consonant is doubled in the ending

stopped

stopped

I form

II form

III form

arise

arose

arisen

be

was, were

been

become

became

become

begin

began

begun

bite

bit

bit

blow

blew

blown

break

broke

broken

bring

brought

brought

build

built

built

draw

drew

drawn

dream

dreamt

dreamt

drink

drank

drunk

drive

drove

driven

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

feed

fed

fed

feel

felt

felt

fight

fought

fought

fly

flew

flown

forget

forgot

forgotten

get

got

got

give

gave

given

go

went

gone

grow

grew

grown

have

had

had

hear

heard

heard

hide

hid

hidden

hold

held

held

keep

kept

kept

know

knew

known

learn

learnt

learnt

leave

left

left

let

let

let

lose

lost

lost

make

made

made

mean

meant

meant

meet

met

met

put

put

put

read [ri:d]

read [red]

read [red]

ride

rode

ridden

rise

rose

risen

run

ran

run

say

said

said

see

saw

seen

sell

sold

sold

send

sent

sent

shake

shook

shaken

shine

shone

shone

shoot

shot

shot

shut

shut

shut

sing

sang

sung

sit

sat

sat

sleep

slept

slept

smell

smelt

smelt

speak

spoke

spoken

spend

spent

spent

spread

spread

spread

stand

stood

stood

steal

stole

stolen

swear

swore

sworn

swim

swam

swum

take

took

taken

teach

taught

taught

tell

told

told

think

thought

thought

throw

threw

thrown

understand

understood

understood

wear

wore

worn

win

won

won

wind

wound

wound

write

wrote

written