9. Personality. Psychodynamic approach

1. Read and transcribe the following words.

Pattern, characterize, difference, biological, genetic, major, influence, fundamental, Vienna, Austria, neurology, pleasure, rational, wrong, below, awareness, desire, anxiety, mechanism, false, cautious, affair, source, shout, acceptable, stomach, ulcer, indigestion.

2. Give the Russian equivalents to the words.

Pattern of behaviour, human differences, to try to explain, unconscious motivation, life experience, learnt behaviour, basic ways, the way they behave, trait, fundamental blocks, to choose destiny, to determine personality, according to, to seek pleasure, to avoid pain, to replace, to feel anxiety, to fulfill the desire.

3. Give the English equivalents to the words and word combinations.

Разные теории, развитие личности, быть ответственным за, главный определяющий фактор, черты, выбирать свою судьбу, взрослые пациенты, детский опыт, согласно Фрейду, врожденный, Эдипов комплекс, сильное желание, спрятанная часть, защитный механизм, выполнять желание, социальное табу, придумывать отговорки, платить налоги, осторожный, проецировать чувства, подозревать, первоначальный источник, социально неприемлемый, из-за недостатка контроля, сильная боль в желудке, язва, эмоциональные аспекты болезни, аспекты реальности.

4. Finish the phrase.

pattern of …………. fundamental ……………..

due to ……………… to choose…………………

according to ………… to seek …………………..

resolution of ………….. defense ………………….

to create false ……….. to fulfill …………………..

5. Give derivatives of the following words.

Accept, motivate, collect, grow, free, choose, please, real, anxious, protect, defend, pleasant, aggressive, stress, emotion, medicine, pain.

6. Finish the sentence.

- Personality is ………..

- The theories that try to explain personality are ………………..

- Some theories say …………………, the others say ……………..

- Freud’s psychodynamic approach developed as a result of……………

- Id (ego, superego) operates according to ……………

- People may feel anxiety because of conflict ……………

- A defense mechanism is ……………………

- Defense mechanisms are ……………………….

10. Behaviour approach/ social learning approach/

THE TRAIT APPROACH

1. Read and transcribe the following words.

Observable, analyze, experience, reward, punishment, term, believe, antisocial, certain, dimension, sociable, fair, efficient, reliable, calm, stability, sophisticated.

2. Give the Russian equivalents to the words.

Observable behaviour, to analyze behaviour, new experience, reward and punishment, despite changes, to achieve, necessary skills, fearful model, the quality of a model, disposition, set of traits, sociable, even-tempered, fair.

3. Give the English equivalents to the words and word combinations.

Новый опыт, поощрение, наказание, эффективные пути, отличаться от, несмотря на перемены, имитировать поведение, качество модели, боязненный, необходимые навыки, согласно этой теории, дружелюбный, отношение, общие, появляться в разных ситуациях, измерение, надежный, справедливый, добродушный, утонченный, умный, сочувствующий.

4. Finish the phrase.

to analyze…………… to be based on ………………

despite changes in …………. necessary ……………….

to have stable ……………… dimension of ………………..

5. Give derivatives of the following words.

Observe, punish, collect, treat, effect, society, necessity, use, friend, cooperate, talk, agree, stable, rely, sympathy, artist, intelligence.

6. Find in the text the word that corresponds to the definition.

a) the one that can be observed

b) qualities that make up a person’s character

c) able to bring the result, having an effect

d) ability to do something well

e) make or become different

f) to reach the aim

g) compensation for something well done

h) cause suffering or discomfort for doing wrong

i) something that special, that characterizes person or thing

j) showing or expressing kindness

k) person’s natural qualities of mind and character

l) measurement of any sort

m) person more interested in what goes on around him than in his own thoughts and feelings