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9. Render the text in English:

Логопедия - наука об обучении и лечении людей с нарушениями речи.

Слово «логопедия» происходит от греческих корней «logos»- слово, и « pedos»-учить, и в современном понимании представляет собой науку об обучении правильной речи. Речь является неотъемлемой частью развития личности, поэтому задачей логопедов является не только избавить пациента от нарушений речи, но и правильно строить предложения и выбирать соответствующие средства языка для передачи слушателям.

Логопедия тесно связана с другими науками, поэтому межпредметные связи с психолингвистикой и неврологией очевидны. Иногда людям с нарушениями речи необходима помощь не одного специалиста, а целой команды, которая проводит комплексное обследование, ставит окончательный диагноз и назначает комплекс процедур, включая медикаментозное лечение.

10. Translate two paragraphs of the text in writing.

11. Read the text about the value of speech and say whether it is correct.

The dialogue of people is carried out basically by means of speech which is connected with the development of abstract thinking. A person perceives subjects and the phenomena in two ways - directly, by means of sense organs and by means of words. Owing to speech we can accept the world mentally.

Тwo types of speech are distinguished- external and internal. The first includes oral and written speech. Oral speech serves mainly to the purposes of dialogue, so that to be clear to listeners. Thus dialogue and monologue speech are distinguished. The first is the simplest form of speech and consists basically of retorts exchange. The second represents coherent narration, a description or reasoning. It is a more complex form of speech as it assumes the coherence of thinking and correct grammar.

Written speech is graphically issued oral speech. It assumes the following skills: to think logically, to transfer the ideas correctly and to analyze written. It is closely connected with the development of oral speech. Various infringements of the letter often arise in case of any speech type underdevelopment.

Internal speech (about oneself) is silent, mute. It arises when a person thinks of something, and it is of great importance for the development of consciousness and thinking, for the regulation of actions of a person.

Thus, the speech device consists of two parts: central which is in the brain (it is established, that the primary value for speech has the left hemisphere at right-handed persons, and at lefthanders - right), and peripheral, consisting of respiratory, voice and articulation apparatus.

Thus, the speech device consists of two parts: central which is in the brain (it is established, that the primary value for speech has the left hemisphere at right-handed persons, and at lefthanders - right), and peripheral, consisting of respiratory, voice and articulation apparatus.

A word is a signal of special property, an abstract means of generalization. The account complex neurophysiologic mechanism of speech activity allows building the speech therapy work on correction of infringements of speech more effectively, under indemnification of the broken speech and nonverbal functions.

Speech is a complex functional system in which the basis lies in the use of sign system of language when the dialogue is carried out. The most complicated system of language is the long formation of socio-historical development and it is acquired by a child within a very short time.

Speech and Clefts

  1. 1. The text you are going to read is entitled “Speech and Clefts”. What do you think it could be about? If you were to deal with the report or the article with the same title, what would you write about?

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