Ioseb ocxeli

ioseb ocxeli daibada qalaq quTaisSi 1865 wlis 29 seqtembers. dawyebiTi swavla man quTaisis kaTolikur saswavlebelSi miiRo, xolo saSualo ganaTleba – quTaisis vaJTa gimnaziaSi, romlis kursi 1885 wels daasrula. amave wels ioseb ocxeli odesis universitetis fizika - maTematikis fakultetze Sevida umaRlesi ganaTlebis misaRebad. universitetis kursi ioseb ocxelma 1889 wels daamTavra pirveli xarisxis diplomiT da Tavis mSobliur qalaqSi dabrunda samoRvaweod, Tumca pedagogiuri moRvaweobis ufleba ver miiRo da iZulebuli Seiqmna, droebiT sxva dargSi emuSava.

saxelmwifo saswavlebelSi rom ver moikida fexi, Tavis sayvarel Tanamdebobaze, kerZo saswavleblis daarsebis cdiT undoda Tavisi pedagogiuri praqtikis dawyeba. am mizniT man 1892 wels qalaq quTaisSi daaarsa dasavleT saqarTveloSi pirveli qarTuli saCvenebeli sabavSvo baRi mosamzadebeli klasiT, romelsac 1903 wlamde xelmZRvanelobda.

1900 wels wera – kiTxvis gamavrcelebelma sazogadoebam ioseb ocxeli quTaisis qarTuli skolis xelmZRvanelad daniSna. igi Tavidanve Seudga quTaisis qarTuli skolis muSaobis safuZvlianad gardaqmnas da olqis mzrunvelis sastiki winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, quTaisis qarTuli skola kerZo qarTul gimnaziad gadaakeTa.

ioseb ocxelma qarTuli gimnaziis irgvliv Semoikriba progresiulad ganwyobili yvela gamoCenili qarTveli pedagogi. oci weli (1900-1919ww) edga saTaveSi ioseb ocxeli quTaisis qarTul gimnazias. igi, rogorc axali tipis direqtori, gamoirCeoda uaRresi gulisxmierebiT, sastikad mkacric iyo da lmobieric, mrisxanec da gulCvilic, momTxovnica da damxmarec, xelmZRvanelic da megobaric.

qarTuli gimnazia mefis reJimis dros erTerTi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani dawesebuleba iyo, sadac axalgazrdobis aRzrda erovnuli TviTSegnebis amaRlebis mimarTulebiT xdeboda. es kargad hqonda gacnobierebuli mefis mTavrobas da yovelnairad cdilobda xeli SeeSala am saswavleblisTvis.

qarTuli gimnaziis maswavlebloba quTaisis sazogado moRvaweTa ZiriTad kadrs Seadgenda, magram, rasakvirvelia, gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia misi moRvaweoba swavla-aRzrdis saqmeSi. i. ocxelis iniciativiT da xelmZRvanelobiT gimnaziis pedagogebma qarTuli mecnieruli terminologiis Sedgenaze daiwyes muSaoba. aseve muSaobdnen qarTuli enis saxelmZRvaneloebis Sedgenaze. ioseb ocxelis TaosnobiT daarsebuli wignis maRaziasa da gamomcemlobas quTaisSi qarTuli wignisa da gansakuTrebiT qarTuli saxelmZRvaneloebis gamocema da gavrceleba hqonda miznad dasaxuli. 1915 wels quTaisSi Camoyalibda sazogadoeba “sinaTle”, romlis muSaobaSi aqtiur monawileobas iRebda i.ocxeli. sazogadoebis mizani iyo qarTuli saqalebo saSinao saswavleblis daarseba. “sinaTlis” skola pirveli qarTuli saswavlebeli iyo, sadac yvela sagani qarTulad iswavleboda.

ioseb ocxeli CarTuli iyo aseve saxalxo universitetis muSaobaSi, romlis mizani iyo sxvadasxva mecnieruli miRwevebis xalxisTvis qarTul enaze miwodeba.

misi dauZinebel mtrebi iyvnen quTaisis klasikuri gimnaziis direqtori gluSakovi da qutaisis realuri saswavleblis direqtori leontievi. ioseb ocxeli TanaugrZnobda revolucionerebs da xSirad malavda iseT moswavleebs, romlebic revolucionur aqtebs Caidendnen. ioseb ocxelis gimnaziaSi swavlobdnen mxolod Tavad-aznaurTa Svilebi. glexis da mdabio moqalaqis SvilebisTvis ki karebi gamoketili iyo. 1905 wlis pirvel demokratiul-burJuaziul revoluciasTan dakavSirebiT iosebma isargebla SemTxveviT da gimnazia gaademokrata. 1907 wlidan misi mowadinebiT pirvel klasSi CaricxulTa naxevarze meti glexTa Svilebi iyvnen. iosebma isini swavlis qirisgan gaaTavisufla.

yvelaze didi dartyma qarTulma gimnaziam 1914 wlis gamoSvebis dros miiRo, roca kavkasiis olqis mzrunvelis warmomadgeneli Tavs daesxa gimnazias da gamoSveba gaanadgura. 84 abiturientidan swavla daasrula mxolod 37 vaJma.

ioseb ocxelis pedagogiur moZRvreba – Semoqmedeba safuZvlianad ar aris Seswavlili. igi umTavresad praqtikul – pedagogiur moRvaweobas eweoda.

iosebs sastikad sZulda usaqmuri da zarmaci moswavle. yovelTvis imas uCiCinebda uniaTos da zarmacs, rom cxovreba aseTs gariyavda da mouwodebda swavlisa da sibejiTisken.

gakveTilze is iyenebda msaxiobis ostatobas, klasSi uSualo kontaqtis dasamyareblad mimarTavda mWermetyvelebas, TvaliT kontaqts, Jestikulacias.

bavSvis aRsazrdelad is sargeblobda cocxali magaliTebiT, radgan bavSvis bunebaze did gavlenas axdens cocxali adamianis, yofiTi situaciebis moSvelieba. is cdilobda, yoveli bavSvi Tavisufal moqalaqed aRezarda. iniciativa, damoukidebloba muSaobasa da azrovnebaSi, gambedaoba, mebrZoli suli – am Tvisebebis gaRviZebas cdilobda moswavleebSi. igi did yuradRebas aqcevda mowafis nebisyofis Zlierebas.

ioseb ocxeli aramarto pedagogiuri praqtikis niWieri ostati iyo, aramed saxelmZRvaneloebis avtoric. mis mier da misi xelmZRvanelobiT aris Sedgenili: “qarTuli anbani”, “mnaTobi”- anbanis Semdgom sakiTxavi wigni, “guTani” – ojaxsa da skolaSi sakiTxavi wigni, “qarTuli qrestomaTia” – saSualo saswavleblis pirveli , meore da mesame klasisTvis. rogorc maTematikosma, Tavis ZmasTan erTad Seadgina algebris, geometriisa da fizikis saxelmZRvaneloebi. man daaarsa quTaisSi gamomcemlobebi “ganaTleba” da “skola”, sadac qarTul enaze Sedgenili saxelmZRvaneloebebi ibeWdeboda. saSualo skolis dawyebiTi klasebis qarTuli enis saxelmZRvaneloebSi ioseb ocxeli iyenebda iakob gogebaSvilis ZiriTad principebs da am niadagze cdilobda axali saintereso saswavlo masalebis SerCevas.

ioseb ocxeli Tavisi pedagogikur – didaqtikuri principebiT, upirveles yovlisa, cdilobda , mowafeebSi Camoeyalibebina Tavisufali msjelobis unary, Caenerga swavlisadmi interesi, ganeviTarebina azrovnuli horizonti da kritkuli unari.

ioseb ocxeli qarTuli enis siwmindisa da mis Rrmad dauflebasTan erTad, rusul enasac udides yuradRebas aqcevda qarTul skolaSi.

amrigad, misi moRvaweoba metad mravalferovani iyo, igi mudam originaluri, maZiebeli da Semoqmedi moRvawe iyo.