Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
Maslova.doc
Скачиваний:
0
Добавлен:
01.07.2025
Размер:
1.73 Mб
Скачать

XIV. Define the functions of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences:

1. The prominent Russian scientist S. Botkin was the first to advance the idea of an infectious origin of hepatitis. 2. The patient was known to have been operated on for gangrenous appendicitis a year before his admis­sion to this hospital. 3. The physician did not expect the tissues of the spleen and gallbladder to become involved simultaneously with the liver. 4. The patient had to follow a strict diet to prevent the recurrence of the bile duct obstruction and jaundice.

XV. Read the words and translate the sentences:

1. incubation [^nkju'beifn]: Incubation period is the time during which pathogenic microorganisms grow in the body.

2. prodromal ['prr)dre(u)m(3)l]: Prodromal period is the time when the characteristic symptoms of an infectious disease have not appeared yet, but the patient feels a general malaise.

3. parenterally [pa'rentareh]: All intramuscular and intravenous injections are given parenterally, i.e. directly inte the organism but not orally.

4. serum ['siaram]: Serum is the watery fluid which remains after blood has coagulated.

XVI. Answer the following questions:

1. What do pathogenic microorganisms do in the human body during the pe­riod of incubation? 2. During what period of an infectious disease haven't its char­acteristic symptoms appeared yet? 3. What does the term "parenterally" mean? 4. What is the watery fluid which remains after blood has coagulated called?

XVII. 1. Read Text b. 2. Entitle it. 3. Say how infection spreads in this disease. 4. Put ten questions to cover all the text:

Text В

In hepatitis the source of virus is a sick person who may spread the infec­tion by personal contact from the last days of the incubation period during the entire course of the disease. But the infection is particularly virulent in the pro­dromal period and in the first week of the disease. The patient's blood being highly infective, even a small dose of 0.1 ml may be dangerous for a person.

In case of Virus A hepatitis infection enters the body through the mouth when eating infected food or drinking water. In case of Virus В hepatitis infec­tion enters parenterally during transfusions of blood, plasma and serum, pro­phylactic vaccinations or is due to inadecuately sterilized instruments.

Epidemic (Virus A) hepatitis most commonly occurs late in autumn, early in winter, or in spring. The incubation period lasts from 14 days to 50 days, but in Virus В hepatitis it is from 2 to 6-8 months.

215

Botkin's disease causes inflammatory changes and degeneration of hepatic cells and damage to the bile ducts due to which bile enters the lymph flow and subsequently the blood. The tissues of the spleen, gallbladder and the nervous and endocrine systems become involved simultaneously with the liver.

LESSON 45

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

I. Напишите известные вам сочетания слов 'blood' и 'heart' сдру-гими словами (не менее пяти на каждое слово).

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]