XV. 1. Read Text b. 2. Name the factors contributing to the development of gastritis. 3. Say about what symptoms of gastritis you have learned from the text:

Text B. Chronic Gastritis

The term "chronic gastritis" must be limited to those cases in which evi­dences of inflammation or catarrhal changes in the stomach are clear.

Chronic gastritis is known to occur as a separate or primary disease or it may be associated with other diseases, particularly chronic liver and kidney disease. In these diseases chronic impairment of the mucous membrane of the stomach is an important factor in causing the catarrhal condition.

The most important causes of chronic gastritis proved to be alcohol, inad­equate food and a bad diet regimen.

The characteristic clinical manifestations of gastritis are an increased se­cretion of mucus and a diminished secretion of acid and pepsin. In severe forms of gastritis secretion is observed to be completely reduced and even absent due to the lesion of the mucus membrane.

The most frequent symptoms of chronic gastritis are loss of appetite, slight pain and general epigastric discomfort after meals. In severe cases nausea and vomiting of mucus, particularly in the morning, are often observed. Frequently the stomach becomes moderately enlarged.

The course of the disease is chronic and the symptoms are continuous. They may become worse from time to time if a sick person does not follow the diet regimen strictly.

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LESSON 42

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

I. Прочитайте следующие слова. Переведите их:

cancer fkaenss], carcinoma [,ka:si'n9um3], aetiology [,i:ti'Dl3d3i], tumour f'tjuima], epigastric [,epi'gaestnk], anaemia [э'пкггуэ]

П. Выучите следующие слова:

malignant [ma'lignant] а злокачественный

hot [htrt] а горячий, жаркий

suggest [safest] v наводить на мысль, предполагать; предлагать

support [sa'po:t] v поддерживать, подкреплять (доводы)

hereditary [hi'reditan] а наследственный

node [naud] n узел; нарост, утолщение

digestion [di'd3^estfen] n пищеварение; усвоение (пищи)

bleeding ['bli:dirj] n кровотечение

remain [n'rnem] v оставаться

empty ['empti] а пустой

III. Распределите по графам следующие слова и словосочетания:

Название заболеваний

Название патологических симптомов

angina pectoris, perspiration, murmur, intermittent fever, benign and ma­lignant tumours, occlusion, dullness, crepitation, fatigue, ulcer, haemorrhage, epigastric pain, carcinoma, loss of appetite and weight, pleurisy, anaemia, fi­brillation, vomiting nausea

IV. Напишите слова, близкие по значению:

1. disturbance; 2. to radiate; 3. to result in; 4. a damage; 5. continuous; 6. influence; 7. fever; 8. constant; 9. mild; 10. acute; 11. internal; 12. adequate; 13. onset; 14. to dimmish; 15. ache; 16. to rise; 17. to involve; 18. carcinoma; 19. to nourish; 20. state; 21. bleeding; 22. to extend

V. Напишите слова противоположного значения:

1. gradually; 2. to increase; 3. to dimmish; 4. mild; 5. internal; 6. to be due to; 7. to follow; 8. onset; 9. base; 10. to accomplish; 11. to be admitted; 12. adult; 13. to decrease; 14. to disappear; 15. to divide; 16. dry; 17. exertion; 18. to rise; 19. to improve; 20. physical; 21. cold; 22. benign; 23. to leave; 24. to doubt

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VI. * Найдите и переведите предложения со сложным дополнением и предложения со сложным подлежащим:

I. Academician A. N. Bakulev is considered to be the founder of a new branch of surgery - cardiosurgery. 2. The cardiologist expected the patient to undergo the heart operation if the therapeutic measures proved to be ineffective. 3. Hypothermia is known to be employed in cardiosurgery to enable the surgeon to correct small congenital or developed heart defects. 4. The evidence of gas­tric ulcer seemed to be confirmed by nausea and vomiting, though such a sign as intermittent fever was not characteristic of the disease. 5. The physician ob­served the patient's appetite have been gradually improving since the adminis­tration of the adequate preparation.