МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

ВОЛГОГРАДСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

Кафедра иностранных языков

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ ПО РАЗВИТИЮ НАВЫКОВ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ ПО ТЕМАМ, СВЯЗАННЫМ С НАУЧНОЙ РАБОТОЙ, УЧЕБОЙ И ЖИЗНЬЮ АCПИРАНТОВ И СОИСКАТЕЛЕЙ

Английский язык

для аспирантов и соискателей всех специальностей

Волгоград 1990

УДК 327 (075)

Методические указания по развитию навыков устной речи по темам, связанным с научной работой, учебой и жизнью аспирантов и соискателей. Английский язык / Сост. Митина А.М.- Волгоград: ВолгГТУ, 1990. - 22 с.

В работе представлена система текстов, отобранного языкового материала и упражнений для закрепления лексики и развития навыков устной речи по тематике, связанной с научной работой, учебой и жизнью аспирантов и соискателей.

Для аспирантов и соискателей всех специальностей, изучающих английский язык.

Библиография 3 назв.

UNIТ I

I. Text: training scientists in the ussr

Soviet people learn to love science even while they are at school. At higher schools, for the first time, students begin to take part in scientific and engineering work. Besides their studies, they carry on research in different students' groups and societies. Professors help students to develop their abilities and discover in which field of science and technics they will employ these abilities.

The main way in which research workers and higher-school teachers get their scientific training is the post-graduate course. The establishment of such courses in 1925 laid the foundation for the training of scientists.

Young people who graduate from schools of higher learning and want to take a post-graduate course do so after two years of practical work. They take examinations in special subject, Marxist-Leninist philosophy and foreign languages.

In our country we also have an extra-mural course of post-graduate training for people who want to do scientific investigation and do not want to leave work.

All post-graduates study free of charge. Those who take a full-time post-graduate course get state allowances. Universities and institutes provide post-graduates free of charge with all scientific instruments and experimental equipment which enable them to carry on research. They work under experienced scientific advisers.

But that is not the only way to train future scientists, Another way is to create conditions for specialists to carry on research in different institutions, factories, laboratories, etc., and present a thesis for a scientific degree after they finish their work.

The Soviet State provides young people with everything necessary to prepare for a scientific career and enable them to make important contributions to the development of Soviet science. In our country a scientific worker does not look for a job, the job looks for him.

II. Words and word combinations to be memorized

SCIENCE to contribute

field of science contribution

scientist to make contribution to

scientific

scientific training

scientific adviser (supervisor)

scientific instruments

scientific degree

scientific career

research

to do research, to carry on research

to take part in research

to take part in scientific and engineering work

research work

research worker

research student

investigation

to investigate

investigator

a post-graduate course

to take (a) post-graduate course (studies)

to take entrance examinations

to pass examinations

a post-graduate student

extra-mural course of post-graduate training

training

to train

free of charge

thesis syn. dissertation

to present a thesis

to read a thesis

to develop

development

to discover

discovery

important

necessary

to combine research with work

to look for

III. Exercises

1. Answer the following questions on the text.

1. Where do Soviet people begin to take part in scientific and engineering work?

2. Did you carry on research in a students’ group or society when being a student? What field of science were you interested in?

3. What is the main way of training scientists in the USSR?

4. What is another way of training scientists in our country?

5. What are you? Are you a research student or a post-graduate student?

6. What is your speciality?

7. In what field of science do you carry on your research?

8. When did you take a post-graduate course?

9. What entrance examinations did you pass?

10. Do all post-graduates study free of charge?

11. Does the Soviet State provide young people with everything necessary to prepare for a scientific career?

12. Are there all scientific instruments and experimental equipment in your laboratory which enable you to carry on research?

13. How is your laboratory equipped? What devices and installations do you work with?