Revision Exercises

Exercise 1.

Define the meaning of the verb ‘must’ and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. (a) She must be very careful. The work at the laboratory is very dangerous.

(b) She must be very careless if she left, forgetting to lock the flat.

2. (a) She must wait for us at the metro station.

(b) She must be waiting for us at the metro station.

3. (a) The matter must be settled before his arrival.

(b) The matter must have been settled before his departure.

4. (a) She must know nothing about it. It will only make her suffer.

(b) She must know nothing about it, if she says the task is easy.

Exercise 2.

Comment on the meaning of the verb ‘must’. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. I suppose one must be serious sometimes.

2. It must be seven.

3. Harry, you are horrible! You mustn’t say these dreadful things.

4. Nothing must be done in a hurry.

5. You and I are friends, Basil, and we must always remain so.

6. I’ve always thought he must be quite clever in his way.

7. Surely it must have been O’Murphy’s doing.

8. I must be getting sentimental.

9. But surely you agree with me that the other woman must have gone to the wrong flat. That is the only possible solution.

10. “I am afraid I must be going, Basil,” he murmured.

11. It was in that tone that he must have spoken to his children when they were tiresome.

12. She must have watched him hide the books in the garden and brought them back in.

13. You mustn’t say that, you mustn’t think that.

14. He looked sixty, but I knew he must be less than that.

15. She must be found and brought back here at once.

16. Her life must have been very unhappy.

17. You must be in love.

18. “You mustn’t talk so much,” the doctor said.

19. She must have been a very stupid woman, or else very inexperienced.

20. You must be telling another lie.

Exercise 3.

Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the rendering of the meaning of the verb ‘must’.

1. Her English is very poor, she must study very hard.

2. Her English is rather good, she must be studying hard.

3. Her English has considerably improved, she must have studied hard during her vacation.

4. She must have been studying English these five years. Her English is rather idiomatic and fluent.

5. She must have been studying at that moment, that’s why she did not answer our telephone call.

6. You must always think twice before you say anything.

7. She must be thinking of what I have said.

8. She must be at home now, I saw her leaving the Institute.

9. She must be at home now, she can’t go as there is no one else to take care of her sick father.

10. Eight bars, and all so thick and strong! … He must have been filling for hours, yes, of course, that was what made his arm ache. (V.)

11. “It is certainly very cold,” said Peggotty. “Everybody must feel it so.” “I feel it more than other people,” said Mrs. Gummidge. (Ch. D.)

Exercise 4.

Combine the verb ‘must’ with the proper form of the infinitive in brackets.

1. Look! People are hurrying along the street with collars and umbrellas up. It must (to rain) hard.

2. Peggoty enclosed the half-guinea in the letter; I was afraid she must (to have) a world of trouble to get it out of Mr. Barkis’s box.

3. You must (to follow) my advice. There is no other way out for you.

4. I saw an old woman sleeping soundly in Green Park. A shower was falling at the time, she must (to be) drenched to the skin.

5. All time we were out the two gentlemen smoked incessantly – which, I thought, if I might judge from the smell of their rough coats, they must (to do) ever since the coats had first come home from the tailor’s.

6. “The hotels must (to do) a tremendous business,” old Jolyon thought. “A few years ago there had been none of these big hotels.” Then he thought of his son. “… If Jo were only with him. The boy must (to be) forty by now.”

7. She must (to be) angry with you. She does not even look in your direction.

8. She must (to get) angry with me. She left without saying good-bye.

9. Mary must (to be) ill, otherwise she would have come.

10. Mary must (to fall) ill. She looked so pale are tired last night.

Exercise 5.

Paraphrase the sentences using the verb ‘must’.

1. I am sure he has got all he needed. Did you see how triumphant he was?

2. The boy was evidently reading something funny. He was smiling all the time.

3. The boy is probably reading something funny. He is smiling all the time.

4. They have most likely not realized what opportunity they were losing.

5. I shan’t bother you any longer; no doubt you are tired of my talking.

6. I see something is eating him. He is like on tenterhooks.

7. It was clear the family were expecting some guests: the mother was bustling about the house tidying up the rooms.

8. She was obviously upset by something. I never saw her so unbalanced.

9. He surely did not find out the real reason for their silence.

Exercise 6.

Read the sentences which describe a situation. Use the verb ‘must’ in order to express your opinion about what is said. Give as many suggestions as you can.

Example: Peter looks very tired.

A.: He must have worked a lot yesterday.

B.: He must be working too hard.

C.: He must be unwell.

D.: He must have a rest.

1. Peter was too late for the first lecture.

2. Peter is absent from the lesson.

3. Peter is sneezing and coughing.

4. She began to cry after she had read the letter.

5. He knows many things about England.

6. He knows every street in St. Petersburg.

7. I invited Peter to call on us yesterday, but he didn’t come.

8. I expected Peter to ring me up last night, but he didn’t.

9. I want to show you Peter’s photograph, but I can’t find it.

10. Peter was to take his examination in English yesterday. When he came home, he looked miserable.

11. I haven’t seen him for a long time.

12. Peter and Ann had a quarrel yesterday. Today I see them together again.

13. Peter returned home wet to the bone.

14. Peter looks dead tired and worn-out.

Exercise 7.

Complete the following sentences.

1. He turned pale on hearing this news. It …

2. Our train starts in five minutes. We…

3. The child is crying bitterly. He …

4. It is raining cats and dogs. We …

5. He can’t find his dictionary. He …

6. He has a good command of English. He …

7. Your brother is doing his lessons. You …

8. I can’t find my favourite cup. My daughter …

9. Make haste. We …

10. Don’t call on him tonight. He …

11. I hope that my friends will meet me at the station. They …

Exercise 8.

Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. Она, должно быть, ждет нас в институте.

2. Она должна ждать нас в институте.

3. Доктор говорит, что он должен жить на юге.

4. Он, должно быть, живет на юге.

5. Он должен много читать вслух, чтобы исправить свое произношение.

6. Он, должно быть, много читает вслух; у него хорошее произношение.

7. Я должен остаться здесь до зимы.

8. Она, должно быть, гостит у своих друзей, так как она писала, что проведет свой отпуск у них.

9. Они, должно быть, ждут меня, а я никак не могу дать им знать о себе.

10. Книга распродана; надо поискать ее в букинистических магазинах.

11. Он, по всей вероятности, забыл, что обещал прийти.

12. Они, наверное, пишут сочинение уже около двух часов и скоро должны кончить.

Exercise 9.

Translate into English using the verb ‘must’.

1. Она, должно быть, заболела. Иначе она была бы уже на работе.

2. По-видимому, это труднее, чем вы предполагали.

3. В окнах нет света. должно быть, опять никого нет дома.

4. У вас очень много ошибок. Надо уделять больше внимания грамматике.

5. Этот вопрос надо решать немедленно.

6. Очевидно, они говорили обо мне. Когда я подошла, они сразу замолчали.

7. Должно быть, она проводит там много времени.

8. Никого сюда не впускать! Понятно?

9. Детей надо учить плавать как можно раньше.

10. Она, наверное, все знала, но не хотела меня расстраивать.

11. Очевидно, она сердита на вас, поэтому она не звонит и не заходит.

12. Я звонила вам вчера около шести, но никто не ответил.—Должно быть, я выходила в магазин.

13. Он наверняка не знает о вашем отъезде, а то бы он пришел вас проводить.

Exercise 10.

Translate into English.

1. Его просьба должна быть выполнена немедленно.

2. Это соглашение должно быть подписано на днях.

3. Вероятно, мы повернули не в ту сторону.

4. У меня насморк. Я, должно быть простудился.

5. Я должен закончить эту работу к пятнице.

6. Я должна встретиться с ним через день или два.

7. Вы не должны закрывать окно, к комнате душно.

8. Я, вероятно, опаздываю. Уже темнеет.

9. Ей, должно быть, около 20 лет.

10. В тот день мы, должно быть, прошли около 10 км.

11. Она решила, что должна поговорить с врачом.

12. Подождите немного, дождь, должно быть, скоро перестанет.

13. Ему пришло в голову, что он, вероятно, сказал не то, что нужно.

14. Я думаю, вы должны посоветоваться с врачом.

15. Эта работа должна быть сделана через неделю.

16. Он, должно быть, сейчас в библиотеке. он, вероятно, готовится в докладу.

17. Он, наверное, забыл свое обещание.

18. Почему она не пришла? –Не знаю, должно быть, она больна.

19. Сейчас, должно быть, около полуночи.

20. Он очень умный человек. С ним, должно быть, интересно беседовать.

21. Он, вероятно, чувствовал себя неловко в этой суматохе. Он выглядел робким и неуклюжим.

22. Должно быть, у них разные вкусы.