IBS
Plekhanov
федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
высшего профессионального образования
«Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова»
Факультет «Международная школа бизнеса»
IBS-Plekhanov
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ К
ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ГРАММАТИКИ
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Часть 1
Москва 2014
Составители: Л. П. ТИМОШЕНКО
М. С. ЦИЛИКОВА
Методические указания к изучению грамматики английского языка / Сост.
Л. П. ТИМОШЕНКО, М. С. ЦИЛИКОВА. М.: Рос. Экон. Унив., 2014 Ч.1.
Методические указания включают тренировочные упражнения по грамматике английского языка.
Предназначены для студентов 1 курса факультета IBS.
Part 1 Tenses
Exercise 1. State verbs in the continuous. Write a sentence which follows on. Choose from these sentences.
1) I think it’s going to suit me.
2) I’ve never wanted to change it.
3) It’s too expensive to buy.
4) And I’ve still got a chance to win it.
5) It uses a lot of petrol.
6) I play it every weekend.
Example: I enjoy the game. - I play it every weekend.
I’m enjoying the game. _______________________________________________________
The car costs a lot of money. __________________________________________________
The car is costing a lot of money. ______________________________________________
I’m liking my new job. _______________________________________________________
I like my job. _______________________________________________________________
Exercise 2. Complete the following dialogues by putting the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Use only the present continuous or the present simple. Where there is also an adverb in the brackets, decide the correct position in the sentence. The first one has been done for you.
I.
A: How (a) do you work (work) this photocopier? I (b)__________ (think) I (c)_________(do) something wrong.
B: Yes, you (d)________(press) the wrong button. That one (e)__________(enlarge) the copies. You (f)_________ (need) to press this one.
A: Oh, yes. It (g)________(work) properly now. Thanks.
II.
A: I (a)________ (see) the price of petrol (b)__________ (go) up again.
B: Yes, I (c)_________ (know). I (d)____________ (seriously consider) selling the car. It's so expensive, and we (e)_____________ (not often use) it.
A: What (f)___________ your wife __________ (think) of that idea?
B: She (g)_____________(agree) with me. She (h)____________ (not like) driving anyway.
III.
A: Good-morning. Is Mr Cranshaw in?
B: Yes, he is, but he (a)_______ (see) someone at the moment. He (b)__________ (expect) you?
A: Yes, I (c)____________ (have) an appointment with him at 10.30. My name's Phillips.
B: Ah, yes, Mr Phillips. I’m afraid we (d)__________ (run) a little late this morning, but I (e)___________ (not expect) Mr Cranshaw will be long, if you (f)__________ (not mind) waiting.
IV.
A: why (a) __________ we ________ (wait)?
B: John isn't here yet. I (b)_________ (expect) he (c)_________ (have) trouble with his car again.
A: Oh! That car (d)___________ (always go) wrong! Well I (e)____________ (not wait) any longer. I (f)___________ (not want) to miss the start of the match. (g)__________you________ (come) with me, or not?
V.
A: What (a)_________ you________(make), Pamela? It (b)___________ (smell) really nice.
B: Well, I (с)_________ (try) a recipe my mother-in-law gave me. It (d)_____________(sound) really easy. You (e)___________ (cut) up the meat and vegetables and then you (f)_________(just add) a few herbs. When she (g)______(make) it, it (h)_________(taste) really delicious. But I'm not sure about this. It (i)___________(not look) quite right.
VI.
A: what (a)_____ you _________(think) of that new girl, Jacqueline?
B: Well, frankly, I (b)__________(find) her terribly annoying. She (c)______________(always make) silly remarks and she (d)_____________ (never listen) to anything you say.
A: I (e)____________(know) what you (f)____________(mean), but I (g)__________(feel) a bit sorry for her, actually. I (h)_________ (think) she (i)___________ (try) to hide her shyness by being funny, but she (j)_________ (only succeed) in getting on everyone's nerves!
Exercise 3. Choose Present Simple/ Present Continuous.
I only __________ (speak) French when I'm on holiday in France.
He __________ (constantly - rush) me off my feet, although he knows how much I dislike this.
__________ (You - recognize) this sound? No, I haven't the slightest idea.
We __________ (read) quite a lot these days.
She __________ (go) to the shopping center almost every week.
This liquid __________ (give) off a strong smell.
Many guards __________ (treat) prisoners inhumanly nowadays.
They __________ (perpetually - say) that I'm involved in the burglary, but I have a perfect alibi.
We __________ (go) there pretty regularly.
Jim simply __________ (delight) in arguing his opponents down.
She __________ (forever - find fault) with me, whatever I do!
They __________ (give) due attention to this matter at present.
Where do you get the technical details for your book? I __________ (frequently - consult) my friend Alex.
The factory __________ (turn out) bottles at the rate of several thousands a day.
__________ (He - believe) what he reads in the papers?
He __________ (always - boast) of his achievements, although his success is entirely due to the circumstances. I wish he would stop his boastful talk.
We have sent for the doctor. The fever __________ (get) worse by the hour.
Exercise 4. I have been doing or I have done?
Put the verb forms in these conversations.
A: I feel really tired.
B: It's because you ’ve been doing (do) too much.
A: Well, at least I ’ve finished (finish) that report now, and I can have a rest.
A: Someone (1) __________(leave) the ladder outside, look.
B: I expect that's Brian. He (2) ___________ (clean) windows. I don't think he's finished yet.
A: You’ve got grass on your shoes.
B: I (3) ___________ (mow) the lawn.
A: Yes, I (4)___________ (see) it. It looks a lot better. You (5) ___________ (cut) it nice and short.
Exercise 5. Complete the dialogue. Put in the verbs in the present perfect continuous or simple.
Linda: What are you doing, Jeff?
Jeff: I (1) _________ (clear) out this cupboard most of the afternoon. There’s a lot of old stuff in here. I (2) ___________ (find) this, look.
Linda: You (3) ____________(read) this book for the last five minutes. I (4) _____________ (watch) you.
Jeff: It’s my old diary. I (5) ____________(not see) it since I was ten. It (6) _______ (be) in here for years.
Linda: And is that old tennis racket yours?
Jeff: No, it must be yours. I (7) ______________(never have) a tennis racket.
Exercise 6. Present and Past.
Complete the sentences. Use the words in brackets. The verbs can be present continuous (is doing), present simple (does), or present perfect (has done).
Example: We bought this picture many years ago. We’ve had it for ages. (We—have—it)
Colin’s car phone is very useful. _____________ all the time. (he—use—it)
Joanna doesn’t know where her watch is. ______________. (she—lose—it)
We’re in the middle of decorating our kitchen. Meals are a problem. ______________ from a take-away restaurant this week. (we—get—them)
Robert is on a skiing holiday. ___________ very much, he said on the phone. (he—enjoy—it)
This color is absolutely awful. _____________. (I—hate—it)
I hope these figures are correct. _____________ several times already. (I—check—them)
Ed and Kay like Scrabble. _____________ at the moment. (they—play—it)
These flowers are dying. _______________ for ages. (you—not water—them)
Exercise 7. Past continuous or simple.
Put in the past continuous or past simple.
Kim: I hear the lights went (go) out last night.
Charles: Yes, I was watching (watch) television at the time. The program (1) _____________(get) interesting, too. But the electricity (2) ____________(come) on again after about ten minutes. I (3) _____________(not miss) very much of it.
Angela: Sarah (4) _________ (come) down the stairs when the lights went out. She almost (5) __________ (fall) over.
Jessica: Tom and I (6) __________ (play) table tennis at the time.
Peter: I (7) ________ (work) at my computer. When it (8) __________ (happen), I (9) ___________ (stop) work and (10) ____________ (go) to bed.
Exercise 8. I’ve been or I was.
Complete the letter. Put in the present perfect or past simple of the given verbs.
I was (be) angry and sad to hear that someone plans to knock down the White Horse Inn in Brickfield. This pub has been (be) the centre of village life for centuries. It (1) _________(stand) at our crossroads for about 500 years. It (2) ___________(be) famous in the old days, and Shakespeare once (3) ___________ (stay) there, they say. I (4) ___________ (live) in Brickfield all my life, and I know all about it. We (5) ___________ (know) for some time of the danger to our pub. There (6) _________ (be) some talk a year or two ago about knocking it down. But all the villagers are against the plan. We will stop it, you’ll see.
Exercise 9. Past continuous or simple. Find the second part of each sentence. Put each verb in brackets into the past continuous or past simple.
* I (dream)
* When Mary (see) the question,
The train (wait)
Ella (have) a puncture
When I (try) the pudding,
When Karen (lift) the chair,
When the gates (open),
I (read) a library book
she (feel) a sudden pain in her back.
when she (drive) on the motorway.
when I (find) a $10 note between two pages.
the crowd (walk) in.
* she (know) the answer.
* when the alarm clock (ring).
I (like) it.
when we (arrive) at the station.
Example: I was dreaming when the alarm clock rang.
When Mary saw the question, she knew the answer.
1. ______________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 10. I have done or I did.
Put in the correct verb form.
Example: I have done (have done / did) all the housework. The house is clean.
A young couple bought (have bought /bought) the house. But they didn’t live there long.
Our visitors _____________ (have arrived / arrived). They’re sitting in the garden.
Susan ___________ (have repaired / repaired) the television, but then it broke down again.
I __________ (have lost / lost) my purse. I can’t find it anywhere.
The match _____________(has started / started). They’re playing now.
Joanne ____________ (has run / ran) away from home. But she came back two days later.
James ___________ (has earned / earned) some money last week. But I’m afraid he’s already spent it all.
We ____________ (have planted / planted) a tree in the garden. Unfortunately it’s died.
Prices ___________ (have gone / went) up. Things are more expensive this week.
Someone ____________ (has turned / turned) on the hi-fi. I can hear it.
I ___________ (have phoned / phoned) the office at eleven. Helen isn’t there today, they said.
I ___________ (have made / made) a cake. Would you like a piece.
The runner Amos Temila ___________ (has broken / broke) the world record for the mile in Frankfurt. Then two days later in Helsinki Lee Williams ran the mile in an even faster time.
Exercise 11. Present perfect or Past simple. Put in the verbs.
Craig: Have you heard (you hear) the news about Cathy?
Nicola: No, what (1) _______________ (happen) ?
Craig: She (2)_____________ (have) an accident. She was running for a bus when she (3) ____________ (fall) down and (4) ___________ (break) her leg.
Nicola: Oh, how awful! When (5) _______________ (this happen) ?
Craig: Yesterday afternoon. Sarah (6) ____________ (tell) me about it last night.
Nicola: Last night! You (7) _____________ (know) last night, and you (8) ___________ (not tell) me!
Craig: Well, I (9) ______________ (not see) you last night. And I (10) _____________ (not see) you today, until now.
Nicola: I hope she’s all right. She (11) __________ (have) lots of accidents, you know. She (12) __________ (do) the same thing about two years ago.
Exercise 12. had done, had been doing or was doing?
Put in the correct form of the verbs.
Example: Steve could hear shouts from the flat next door. His neighbors were arguing (argue).
Lucy went into the living-room. It was empty but the television was still warm. Someone ___________ (watch) it.
I ___________ (play) tennis, so I had a shower. I was annoyed because I ___________ (not win) a single game.
The walkers finally arrived at their destination. They _____________ (walk) all day, and they needed a rest. They _____________ (walk) thirty miles.
When I saw Ben last week he said he ____________ (stop) smoking. But when I saw him two days later, he ____________ (smoke) a cigarette. He took the cigarette from his mouth and looked rather ashamed.
Harry found a note from Graham in Celia’s coat. That’s how Harry found out they ____________ (have) an affair. In fact they ___________ (see) each other for months. Graham’s wife ____________ (know) about it all the time.
Exercise 13. Present and past.
Complete the conversations. Put in a pronoun and the correct form of the verb. Use the past continuous (was doing), the past simple (did), or the present perfect continuous (have been doing).
Example: I rang at once, but you weren’t in your office. — No, I was having (have) lunch.
You look tired. — Well, ___________ (work) all day.
Is Helen still here? — No, ____________(leave) about half an hour ago.
I haven’t finished this letter yet. — It must be a long letter. _________ (write) it since lunch time.
Someone’s living in that house now. — Yes, a young couple. __________ (move) in last month.
Did Kirsty drive you home? Yes, __________ (stop) and gave me a lift while ___________ (wait) for a bus outside the cinema.
Exercise 14. Choose Past Simple/Continuous or Present Perfect Simple/Continuous.
How the government __________ (fight) inflation without lowering the standard of living in the mid-fifties?
There __________ (not – be) a famine here for centuries.
Jill __________ (begin) to open out, when she started work at the factory.
Lunch is not quite ready yet, although she __________ (cook) all morning.
He __________ (tie up) all his money in stocks and shares, so he has nothing in the bank to pay his debts with now.
The police __________ (recapture) the prisoners who __________ (escape) yesterday.
The European court __________ (already – indicate) its view that wine and beer are indeed competitive products.
Mankind __________ (know) these facts since the Middle Ages.
After so many disappointments I __________ (stop) asking people for help.
Many countries __________ (suffer) from a depression during the pre-war years.
This practice __________ (exist) since the fifteenth century.
I __________ (only – know) about that event for a few days.
While the car __________ (approach) the village, the driver __________ (slow down).
They (try) to improve the situation for a great many years, but until now without success.
The governing coalition, which __________ (have) no clear majority in parliament lately, __________ (announce) some modest spending cuts last month.
I wonder why he __________ (walk out) on his job as well as on his wife.
Sales __________ (fall) alarmingly of late. There is too much competition.
Exercise 15. Choose Past (Simple/Continuous) or Present/Past Perfect (Simple/Continuous).
You __________ (finish) already? — No, not yet, in spite of the fact that I __________ (be) at it for hours now.
It was not until a short time ago that people __________ (begin) to realize what impact the revolution __________ (have) on their ancestors.
Friends who __________ (talk) with him in the past few weeks, say he has changed.
We __________ (look) for opportunities everywhere in the past few months.
Nobody __________ (come) to see us since we bought these bloodhounds.
While the American car industry’s output __________ (slide) into the recessions of the 1970s the plant’s sales __________ (fall) abruptly.
After he __________ (sit) on several examination boards, he __________ (decide) to resign.
After many discussions we __________ (come) to a decision.
From the early 1980s onwards we __________ (witness) a steady decline in industrial activity.
In the course of the cold war period the administration __________ (arrest) people suspected of communist sympathies all over the USA.
We arrived just after the party __________ (begin) to warm up.
We __________ (do) business with them for a great many years, when suddenly without a plausible reason they turned to our competitors.
You __________ (neglect) some of your customers for several months now, so that you need not be surprised if you lose them at all in the end.
After the police __________ (find) the murder weapon, the facts of the case suddenly began to add up.
I’m sorry, I __________ (forget) where she lives.
Exercise 16. Choose the Correct Tense (Present/Past).
Our next-door neighbor __________ (just - move in).
We __________ (never - pass) on our concern about this issue to the people at the top until now.
He discovered that the committee __________ (exclude) him from the examination.
Now that we __________ (start) this project, we will have to see it through.
I wonder what you __________ (do) in the past few years. I __________ (not - see) you much of late.
It is sometimes said that the caveman __________ (start) along the path of civilization after he __________ (utilize) the energy for heat.
He __________ (study) the case for a long time, before it dawned on him that he __________ (look) in the wrong direction.
My associate __________ (have) an attack of bronchitis a month or so ago, but he __________ (get on) fairly well now.
Encouraged by higher prices Chinese farmers __________ (double) their incomes in the past five years.
She __________ (hang) around here for the last three hours and I don't know why.
A company spokesman stated at the hearing that the chairman __________ (lie) in his reply to a question about several financial issues.
We __________ (sit) up the greater part of the night, before she __________ (come) back home from a party.
Most of the refugees from Uganda __________ (settle) in Britain so far.
After he __________ (visit) many auctions all over the country, he __________ (find) the old master.
I __________ (try) to throw off this cold for days now.
The article used sources that __________ (already - prove) to be unreliable on several previous occasions.
It __________ (rain) heavily all morning, before it __________ (suddenly - clear) up.
Exercise 17. Choose Past Simple/Past Continuous.
When the aircraft __________ (operate) at 600 m.p.h., a violent gust of wind __________ (blow) it off course.
I saw that he __________ (scribble) a few notes in the course of the interview.
Last week the youngest member of the family __________ (agree) to give his stake to the others.
In the first half of this month the unions __________ (decide) to lay down tools.
While the talks __________ (go on), the army __________ (intervene) to end the deadlock.
When they __________ (sign) the treaty of Rome, few people __________ (realize) the difficulties that __________ (lie) ahead.
During his lifetime he __________ (continually - search) for a breakthrough in biochemistry.
In the second .half of last year our sales __________ (slowly - rise), although this __________ (not lead) to a further upswing in that period.
The extensive study which __________ (appear) last spring showed how complicated the matter was.
While the demonstration __________ (proceed) peacefully, an unexpected incident __________ (occur).
Exercise 18. A woman has been accused of shop-lifting. Complete the following extract from her trial by putting the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. The first one has been done for you.
Prosecution: Mr. Williams, you (1) were (be) the security officer on duty at Malgo Department Store on July 28 th. Please tell the court what (2) ___________ (happen) that afternoon.
Williams: Yes, sir. I (3) __________ (be) particularly interested in the cosmetics department, because the company (4) __________ (lose) a lot of money through shop-lifting earlier in this year. So, I (5) ___________ (watch) the customers on the security screen when I (6) _________ (notice) a woman behaving rather suspiciously.
Prosecution: What exactly (7)___________ she _____________ (do)?
Williams: Well, she (8) __________ (seem) rather nervous and she (9)___________ (keep) looking round as if she (10)____________ (want) to make sure that no one (11)__________ (watch) her.
Prosecution: (12)_________ you ever ________ (see) the woman before that afternoon?
Williams: No, sir. She (13)________ (not be) one of our regular customers.
Prosecution: I see. Please go on.
Williams: Well, then she suddenly (14)__________ (pick) up a bottle of perfume and (15)___________ (put) it in her shopping bag.
Prosecution: And she (16)____________ (not pay) for the perfume, I presume?
Williams: No, sir. And then she (17)__________ (leave) the store.
Prosecution: So what (18)____________ you ____________ (do)?
Williams: I (19)______________(follow) her and (20)__________ (ask) her to return to the manager’s office. When she (21)_________ (empty) her bag, we (22)___________ (find) that she (23)____________ (take) a lipstick and some mascara as well.
Prosecution: And she (24)____________ (not pay) for any of them?
Williams: No, sir.
Prosecution: Mr. Williams, how long (25)____________ you __________ (work) at Malgo Department Store?
Williams: For about three years, sir.
Prosecutor: And (26)____________ you _____________ (catch) many shop-lifters in that time?
Williams: Quite a few, sir. Shop-lifting is a problem in any big store.
Prosecutor: Quite. So you always know when someone is about to take goods without paying?
Williams: Not always, sir. But over the years I (27)__________ (learn) to recognize the signals.
Prosecutor: Thank you, Mr. Williams. That is all.
Exercise 19. be going to or will?
Complete the conversation. Decide which is best for the context, be going to or will.
Anita: What about your plans, Carlo? Are you going to return (you return) home after the exams?
Carlo: I expect I’ll go (go) back home at some time in the future, but first I (1) ____________ (spend) six month in the USA.
Anita: Oh, that (2) __________ (be) interesting.
Carlo: I’ve fixed up a job. I (3) ____________(work) for a chemical company in California. I’m looking forward to it. I’m sure it (4) ___________ (be) good experience.
Anita: I don’t know what I (5) _________(do). At the moment I’m trying to revise for the exams. But I don’t know enough. I (6) ___________(fail).
Carlo: I’m sure you (7) ____________ (not fail).
Exercise 20. be going to or will?
Complete the news report. Decide which is best for the context, be going to or will. Sometimes either is possible.
We have learnt this week that Brimley Town Council has plans for Westside Park. The Council is going to sell (sell) the land to a builder, A. Forbes and Son. ‘The plans are all ready. We (1) __________ (build) fifty houses,’ said Mr Forbes. ‘In two years everything (2) ___________ (be) finished. I’m sure people (3)___________ (like) the houses. Some of them (4)___________ (be) for young families.’ But people living near the park are angry. ‘This is a terrible idea. We’re against it. We (5)___________ (have) a protest march on Saturday,’ said Mrs Alice Marsh. ‘I expect everyone in Brimley (6)___________ (be) there. We want to make our intentions clear. We (7)____________ (stop) this plan.’
Exercise 21. The Future.
Choose the correct verb form from the phrases in brackets.
How’s your flat? — Well, the rent is very expensive. __________ (I’ll move / I’m going to move) to a new place. I decided last week.
I can cycle home. — Have you got lights? ___________ (It’ll be / It’ll have been) dark, don’t forget.
I’d like a photo of Adrian and me. — Well, __________ (I’ll take / I’ll going to take) one with your camera then.
Have you booked a holiday? — Yes, __________ (we go / we’re going) to Spain.
Look at the car! _____________ (It’ll crash / It’s going to crash!).
Can I borrow your bike on Monday, please? — Oh, I’m afraid __________ (I’ll be using / I’ll have used) it. I always cycle to work.
Exercise 22. What do these people say? Pay special attention to the underlined words.
Example: Maria is predicting a win for Italy in their next match.
Maria: Italy will win their next match.
1. Bob intends to get up early tomorrow.
Bob: I _____________________________________________________________________
2. Steve’s train timetable says ‘Arrival 10.30’.
Steve: The train _____________________________________________________________
3. Louise has arranged to see her bank manager tomorrow.
Louise: ____________________________________________________________________
4. Dan will leave in the very near future.
Dan: ______________________________________________________________________
5. Sarah’s next visit to her aunt is on Sunday, the day she usually visits her.
Sarah: _____________________________________________________________________
Exercise 23. Complete the conversation. Look at the context and choose the best form of the verb in brackets to express the future. Sometimes more than one answer is correct.
A: Hello. Where are you going?
B: To my evening class. I’m learning Swedish. And I (1)__________ (speak) it for real this time next week. I (2)__________ (go) to Sweden for three weeks. I (3)__________ (leave) on Friday evening. I (4)___________ (visit) friends there.
A: Oh, that (5)_____________ (be) nice.
B: Oh, it’s nearly half past. My lesson (6)____________ (start) in a minute.
A: Well, have a good time. I (7)___________ (see) you next month.
B: Thanks. I (8)___________ (tell) you all about it when I (9)___________ (get) back.
Exercise 24. Choose the best words (a, b, c or d) to complete the sentence. Sometimes more than one answer is acceptable.
Example: Right, I c you up at 7. 30, if that’s convenient.
(a) am going to pick (b) am picking (c) will pick (d) pick
What __________ to Sandra’s party on Saturday?
(a) are you going to wear (b) are you wearing (c) will you wear (d) do you wear
We’d better hurry up. The train __________ in half an hour.
(a) is going to leave (b) is leaving (c) will leave (d) leaves
He __________ sociology at university in the autumn.
(a) is going to study (b) is studying (c) will study (d) studies
I’m just going to the bank. I __________ long.
(a) am not going to be (b) am not being (c) won’t be (d) don’t be
I’ve got an appointment with the dentist tomorrow. I expect he __________ something wrong. He always does!
(a) is going to find (b) is finding (c) will find (d) finds
There’s a good film on television tonight. What time __________ ?
(a) is it going to start (b) is it starting (c) will it start (d) does it start
We __________ to the States to spend Christmas with our son.
(a) are going to fly (b) are flying (c) will fly (d) fly
You’ve got plenty of time. The plane __________ off until 4.30.
(a) isn’t going to take (b) isn’t taking (c) won’t take (d) doesn’t take
That really makes me angry! This time I __________ to him about it!
(a) am going to speak (b) am speaking (c) will speak (d) speak
If you give me that letter now, I __________ it on my way home.
(a) am going to post (b) am posting (c) will post (d) post
Exercise 25. Complete the following letter by putting the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Occasionally there is more than one possible answer. The first one has been done for you.
Dear Debbie,
Thanks very much for your letter, which (1) arrived (arrive) more than six weeks ago! I (2)__________ (mean) to reply to it for ages, but I just (3)_____________ (not have) time. As you (4)__________ (know), I (5)____________(start) a new job at the beginning of the month and I (6)_____________ (work) incredibly hard ever since. It is quite interesting and I (7)____________ (like) my new boss, but I (8)____________ (not finish) until six o’clock and when I (9)____________ (get) home, I’m too tired to do anything! Anyway, I (10)____________ (tell) you all about it another time.
I (11)______________ (take) a week’s holiday very soon and I (12)____________ (think) of coming to London the weekend after next. My sister (13)____________ (invite) me to stay with her for a few days because her husband (14)___________ (go) to France on business for a week. (15)__________ you ___________ (make) any plans for that weekend? If not, (16)_________ (meet) for lunch on the Saturday or Sunday. It’s ages since I last (17)____________ (see) you and I (18)_________ (have) lots to tell you. Anyway, I (19)__________ (phone) you during the week to see if you’re free.
With love,
Alison.
P.S. (20)__________ (give) my regards to Chris.
Exercise 26. Choose Present/Future.
You __________ (paint) your study at the moment? No, I __________ (start) painting next week.
I __________ (write) replies to everybody the entire day tomorrow.
Shifting production overseas __________ (not — guarantee) profit as Volkswagen has repeatedly found in South American countries.
Don't despair. I'm sure everything __________ (work) out all right in the end.
Tomorrow at 8 p.m. the President __________ (address) the nation, as arranged.
He __________ (constantly — fish) for information to the annoyance of all the people present.
I hope the plan __________ (not — fall) through a second time.
You __________ (inform) me when the rates are overdue?
In Japan NEC __________ (hold) around 6% of mainframe market.
In the fiber sector the Rhone-Poulec group __________ (account) for almost two-thirds of France's textile output.
Roger __________ (spend) a lot of money on cars.
We __________ (see) each other one of these days.
I fear he __________ (near) his end. The doctors have given him up.
I __________ (do) nothing but talking to applicants all next week.
Oil __________ (account) for half of Indonesia's export earnings.
Water __________ (freeze) when the temperature falls below 0 degrees.
I'm afraid I __________ (look) through these reports next week.
We have arranged that David __________ (come) with the luggage tomorrow.
The workers __________ (press) for another ten percent rise at the moment.
We have agreed that we __________ (discuss) the plans in Oslo next month.
We __________ (furnish) our rooms next week, as we have already agreed.
Exercise 27. Choose the Correct Tense.
Our local newspaper __________ (come out) every weekend.
I see they __________ (find) a solution and it is about time too because he __________ (discuss) matter for quite some time.
At last year's congress the trade unions __________ (reject) the government's policy.
The wage system, introduced six years ago, __________ (guarantee) Norway's lowest-paid workers hourly wages equal to 85% of average industrial wages.
He __________ (dash) off a note to his wife when he saw that the meeting would last longer than expected.
The newspapers reported that the movement __________ (make) earlier attempts on his life.
The factory __________ (step) up production since last week, because it cannot keep up with the sudden flood of orders.
Two masked men __________ (set) upon him, while he __________ (go) down a dark side street.
There __________ (be) a fuss about this, when the facts become known.
He __________ (always - stir) up trouble among the members of the staff.
The introduction of word processing into the secretary's department __________ (prove) to be an undoubted success despite initial troubles.
We __________ (chase) the manager up for a week but he is never in.
Before the first atomic bomb __________ (explode) over Nevada, most people __________ (never - think) about its enormous power.
Economists __________ (not - solve) any major problems since the start of the current . recession.
I __________ (search) for this stamp for years on end.
I __________ (wait) for her for several hours, before she __________ (turn up).
I'm afraid you cannot borrow my yacht, because I __________ (do) extensive repairs on it over the next few weekends.
We __________ (discuss) this item at the committee's quarterly meeting next week in accordance with the agenda.
Exercise 28. Choose the Correct Tense.
To our amazement he __________ (drop) out of the race, after he __________ (run) for only five minutes.
The police __________ (clear) this cathedral, before the spire __________ (collapse).
The management __________ (estimate) that their company __________ (suffer) substantial losses for a considerable time.
I didn't want him to know that I __________ (study) the plan carefully, before the council __________ (bring) it to my notice.
He __________ (abuse) his powerful position for quite some time until the Board of Directors __________ (call) him to account.
When he finally __________ (make) up his mind to accept the proposal, it turned out that this unexpected opportunity __________ (already - pass).
Our Managing Director __________ (engage) forty employees, after this multinational __________ (place) a considerably greater order than anybody could ever have expected.
Last April the British Government __________ (disclose) that Britain, France and the United States __________ (make) protest about Soviet airforce exercises in Germany time and again.
Before the demand for this equipment __________ (arise), the Dutch Government __________ (already - develop) a special aircraft with a good alternative.
The doctors __________ (give) him up, when he __________ (surprise) them all by taking a turn for the better.
Exercise 29. Read the following story about a man who found a leak (a small hole in a water-pipe) in his bathroom. Then complete the story by putting the verbs in brackets into the correct form. The first one has been done for you.
Richard Barnes (1) had just come (just come) home from work when he (2)___________ (find) a leak in the bathroom. Water (3)___________ (drip) from the ceiling for some time, and there (4)__________ (be) a large pool of water on the floor. As soon as he (5)____________ (see) the leak, he (6)___________ (call) the plumber. The plumber’s wife (7)___________ (answer). ‘I’m afraid he (8)___________ (go) out an hour ago and he (9)____________ (not come) back yet. I (10)_____________ (tell) him to phone you when he (11)_____________ (come) in. I (12)____________ (not expect) he (13)____________ (be) long.’
Richard (14)______________ (hang) up and (15)______________ (sit) down to wait. Two hours later the phone (16)_________ (ring).
‘This is the plumber. I (17)_____________ (believe) you (18)____________ (call) earlier.’
‘Where on earth (19)_________________ you _____________ (be)?’ (20)______________ (demand) Richard angrily. ‘I (21)________________ (wait) for two hours! What (22)____________ you ______________ (do) all this time?’
‘I’m terribly sorry, sir,’ the plumber (23)_____________(answer) nervously. ‘I (24)_______________ (have) a breakdown while I (25)___________ (drive) along the motorway. I (26)_______________(only just get) home. I (27)____________ (not even have) my dinner yet. My wife (28)_________________ (get) it now.’
‘Well, I'm sorry about your breakdown,’ (29)_______________ (say) Richard in a more friendly voice. ‘But (30)______________ you ____________ (repair) my leak tonight or not?’
‘(31)__________________ (not worry), sir,’ (32) ____________________ (reply) the plumber. ‘I (33) ___________________ (have) my dinner and then I (34) ____________________ (come) straight round.’
Richard (35)_____________ (put) down the receiver and (36)_____________ (go) back into the bathroom. The water (37)____________ (still drip) slowly into the bowl he (38)_____________ (put) under the leak. He (39)_______________ (empty) the bowl again and then (40)________________ (sit) down to wait. Two hours later he (41)______________ (pick) up the receiver again. Just as he (42)_____________ (dial) the number, the doorbell (43)________________(ring).
‘I'm terribly sorry, sir,’ (44)______________ (say) a small, dark-haired man apologetically. ‘I (45)____________(think) I (46)__________ (have) to get a new car!’
Exercise 30. Translate the sentences into English.
1) Насколько я знаю, она еще не вернулась. Я не знаю, где она сейчас. 2) “Что она вам только что говорила?” — “Ничего особенного.” 3) “Вы давно живете в этом городе?” — “Шесть лет.” — “Где вы раньше жили?” — “В С.- Петербурге.” 4) Входите, пожалуйста. Мы вас давно ждем. 5) Вы очень давно не видели мою сестру. Приходите к нам сегодня вечером. 6) Мы идем уже шесть часов и очень устали. 7) Я не была у своих друзей уже месяц. Завтра я собираюсь навестить их. 8) Мы с ним знакомы уже больше года. 9) Мы с Джеком учились вместе в школе, и с тех пор мы большие друзья. 10) “Ваши гости уже приехали.” — “Я знаю.” 11) “Я пою, танцую и играю в скетчах,” - сказала она. — “Вы талантливая женщина. Вы это делаете всю свою жизнь.” 12) Я здесь с утра жду вас. 13) Нас не было дома несколько месяцев, и они еще не знают, что мы приехали. 14) “Мама, в чем дело?” – спросила Дженни, — “У тебя красные глаза. Ты плакала?” 15) Я в этом городе уже пятнадцать лет. Наша семья переехала сюда, когда мне было 10 лет. 16) “Кто-нибудь живет в этой квартире?” — Я покачала головой и ответила: “Она заперта с тех пор, как я переехала сюда.” 17) Я очень много думаю о вас в последнее время. 18) Я их не видела с тех пор, как переехала в этот город. 19) Я читаю и пишу в течение трех дней и очень устала. 20) “Где же Аня?” — “Она наверху. Мы только что с ней разговаривали.” 21) О нем весь город говорит с тех самых пор, как он уехал. 22) Мы ищем эту книгу уже неделю.
Exercise 31. Translate the following sentences into English concentrating on the use of tense-aspect forms.
1) Энн, Марта возвращается. — Я полагаю, что она остановится у своей сестры. 2) Она заперлась и не сойдет вниз, пока они не уйдут. 3) Я увидел, что момент, которого он ждал, наступил. 4) Он взял картофелину и осторожно положил ее обратно туда, где мы ее нашли. 5) Привет, Джек. Где ты был и что ты делал все это время? 6) Пока он ждал, он слышал, как внизу в саду играют дети. 7) Я знаю имена всех в деревне. Я живу здесь всю свою жизнь. 8) Она совсем не была робкой: она попросила меня называть ее Сэлли, когда мы еще не были знакомы и десяти минут. 9) Я не был тебе таким уж плохим мужем все эти двадцать лет, что мы женаты. 10) Я решил не поступать в Кэмбридж. В течение шести месяцев я почти не заглядывал ни в одну книгу по математике. 11) Мы оба позаботимся о том, чтобы ты с ним не встретился здесь. 12) Я не пробыл на борту и часа, когда он пригласил меня на лэнч. 13) Рой много работал и плохо спал все это время, и вид у него был усталый. 14) Я почти закончил книгу. 15) Ты даже не знаешь, что ты со мною сделал. 16) Я почти ни разу не поел как следует, с тех пор, как я приехал в Лондон. 17) Он не придет. Я только что разговаривал с ним по телефону. 18) Что ты собираешься делать в воскресенье? — Я еще не знаю. 19) Филипп отнес свой чемодан в вагон и курил на перроне. 20) Я видел твою сестру в театре. 21) Как, ты еще не готова! Что же ты делала? 22) В течение двух лет она была лучшей ученицей в классе. 23) Ты знаешь, в следующем семестре профессор Леннон будет читать лекции по Ренессансу. 24) Жарко и уже больше месяца нет дождя. 25) Куда же я положил свою зажигалку? 26) Я получил большое удовольствие от балета. Почему ты не пошел с нами? 27) Поезд отправляется без четверти два. Если мы не отправимся на вокзал тотчас же, то мы опоздаем. 28) Мы прожили в деревне два месяца, когда мой брат приехал навестить нас. 29) Мы прожили у Харрисонов два дня и вернулись в Лондон поездом. 30) Когда я встал, я подошел к окну. Хотя дождя уже не было, но везде были большие лужи. 31) Джон проверил сочинения своих учеников и читал книгу, которую он купил утром по дороге в школу. 32) Я никогда в жизни не чувствовал себя так хорошо, как сейчас. 33) Завтра я уезжаю в город на две недели. 34) После второго завтрака я обычно занимаюсь в библиотеке два часа. 35) Не успел я дойти до угла, как услышал чьи-то шаги сзади. 36) Я дам вам знать, какие меры я приму. 37) Погода в тот день была мрачная. Холодный ветер, дувший с утра, прекратился, но дождь все еще моросил. 38) Едва я успел попрощаться с ними, как поезд тронулся. 39) Анна сложила свои вещи и ждала такси. 40) Я велю ему принести ключ, когда он осмотрит дом. 41) Мы ехали около часа и потом увидели небольшое озеро. 42) Я бродил по лесу около часа, когда увидел маленький домик. Так как я никогда не бывал в этих местах, то я не знал, кто в нем живет. Дом стоял среди деревьев, и тропинка, по которой я шел, вела к дому.
Exercise 32. Translate into English using the Present Indefinite, the Present Continuous, the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous.
1) Они второй день играют ту же партию; они сделали уже 75 ходов. 2) Дирижер еще не вышел, а оркестранты уже на своих местах и настраивают инструменты. 3) Неужели эта книга все еще у него? Сколько времени он ее читает? 4) Он закончил первую главу диссертации и пишет вторую. Он работает над диссертацией уже два года. 5) Он наш тренер, с тех пор как я играю в этой команде. 6) Они уже приняли резолюцию по первому вопросу? — Нет, они все еще спорят. Они обсуждают этот вопрос уже два часа и еще не пришли ни к какому соглашению. 7) Уже двадцать лет, как я живу в этом городе, а в сентябре исполнится ровно девять лет, как я преподаю здесь в институте. 8) Теперь, когда мы проработали столько времени и приобрели достаточный опыт и знания, мы видим, чему нам еще нужно научиться.
Exercise 33. Translate into English using appropriate tenses.
1) Студенты пишут контрольную работу уже почти два часа. Время подходит к концу, а пока только двое сдали работы. 2) Он проработал с нами только месяц, но доказал, что он опытный работник. 3) Утро было солнечное, но с одиннадцати часов погода изменилась, и теперь идет дождь. 4) Шел очень сильный снег, и я не мог разобрать номера троллейбуса. Когда я проехал уже несколько остановок, я понял, что ехал не в том направлении. 5) Я упорно звонил вам с 4-х часов, и ваш номер был все время занят. — Я говорила все это время с Санкт-Петербургом. 6) Художники работают с утра, так как мы хотим повесить стенную газету еще сегодня вечером. 7) Река всегда угрожала населению деревни наводнением, пока не была построена плотина. 8) Две недели шли дожди, пока, наконец, три дня назад не установилась хорошая погода. 9) Пруд замерз; мальчишки уже катаются на коньках. 10) На реке лед уже растаял, а в лесу кое-где еще лежал снег. 11) Мальчики быстро разобрали велосипед, почистили все части, но собирали его так долго, что у них в этот день не осталось времени кататься. 12) Мальчики уже больше двух часов собирали велосипед, когда пришел отец и сказал, что им придется все снова разобрать, так как они неправильно его собрали. 13) Что вы делали с тех пор как мы расстались (как мы не виделись)? 14) Пока мы шли со станции, он успел мне рассказать обо всем, что произошло со времени моего отъезда. 15) Мы дружим, с тех пор как работаем вместе. 16) Сергей приехал? — Да, он здесь уже два дня. Он приехал еще в пятницу. 17) Я решил, что пока живу на даче, буду каждый день совершать долгие прогулки. 18) Обед уже был готов; все давно проголодались, но двоих гостей еще не было. 19) Певец окончил свое выступление, в зале гасли огни, а публика все еще не расходилась. 20) Уже прошло пять лет, как мы работаем над этой проблемой. 21) Когда я пришел, он уже вернулся и сидел перед камином, перелистывая журнал. 22) Меня просили передать вам, что вас известят, как только ваша просьба будет рассмотрена. 23) Мы еще не отошли от леса, когда нас догнал наш старый знакомый охотник. 24) 14 июля 1789 года парижане штурмом взяли Бастилию — крепость, в которой в течение многих веков короли держали неугодных им людей. 25) К 1867 году — году парламентской реформы — английский рабочий класс уже в течение 30 лет боролся за право голосовать. 26) Суриков писал свою картину “Степан Разин” с 1901 по 1907 год.