10.1. Неофициальное письмо

a) адрес

Mrs. Ivy Wilkinson,	Mr. C. J. Williams,
Ward 3,	35, Manor Rd.,
County Hospital	Harpole,
Royal Ave.,	Portsmouth,
Birmingham	Hants. (Hampshire)

The destination address appears only on the envelope, usually in the bottom half, under the name of the person to whom the letter is written. This address is presented in a similar way to the letter-writer's own address but is more likely to use the following abbreviations: Rd., (Road,); St., (Street,); Ave., (Avenue,); PI., (Place,); Sq., (Square,); Gdns., (Gardens,). Note the full stop used after the abbreviation, before the usual comma.

b) обращение When writing to members of our own family, if they are of the same generation or of a younger generation (brothers, sisters, cousins, nieces, nephews, sons, daughters), we simply use the first name: Dear John, Dear Mary, etc. For parents and grandparents we usually use: Dear Mum, Dad, Grandad, Grannie, or sometimes Dear Mother, Father, Grandfather, Grandmother; for uncles and aunts we usually use the first name with Uncle or Aunt (ie) before it: Dear Auntie Ivy, Dear Uncle Tom. Such letters typically end with Lots of love. Love, Much love (for close relatives); Yours affectionately (more formal but still close); Best wishes. Kind regards (dutiful).

10.2. Конструкции to + infinitive / to + -ing / you (your) + -ing

We were sorry to hear that you are back in hospital. I used to like the summer. I want to go now. After 'to', the verb form is usually the infinitive, while other prepositions are usually followed by the -ing form of the verb, e.g. I'm afraid of flying, without waiting.

He insists on going. I am used to getting up early. I am (getting) accustomed to having some free time. We are looking forward to seeing you. He doesn't object to going to school. In these cases, 'to' is followed by a verb in '-ing'.

I'm used to your racing in and out. I don't object to you smoking. She's tired of him coming in late. We're used to their complaining about everything. When the -ing verb concerns somebody other than the first subject, either the pronoun or name: you, him, John, or the possessive: your, his, John's, is used. There is no significant difference, though the possessive is a little more formal.

10.3. Прилагательные после глаголов чувства и изменения состояния

a) прилагательные после глаголов чувств I feel sure of it. It sounds serious. (From what I bear.) It looks stale. (From what I see.) It seems quiet. He appears happy. It smells marvellous. It tastes good. Some verbs (like the verb 'to be') are normally followed by an adjective, not an adverb.

N.B. 'Well' used with these verbs has the meaning 'in good health': I am very well. He feels well. He looks well.

b) прилагательные после глаголов изменения состояния

It has become chilly.	It becomes dark.
It has got chilly.	It gets dark.
It has turned chilly.	It grows dark.
As I get older ...	The milk turned sour.
As I grow older...	The milk went sour.
The leaves turn yellow.	I'm going grey / bald.
The leaves go yellow.	I'm getting grey / bald.

'Get' + adjective is frequently used instead of 'become' + adjective, and in addition there are many idiomatic phrases where 'turn', 'grow', 'go' can be used with a similar meaning.