1. Mechanical

This machine uses a spring loaded cam that is pushed and pulled by the device to make various kinds of stitches. Before the integration of electronic sewing machines, all machines before the 1960's were mechanical. The machines come in varying styles from simple straight stitches to zigzag stitches. Mechanical sewing machines can be used for basic sewing tasks like hems, repairs, simple clothing, and crafts and they tend to be the least expensive type of machine. This would not be the machine that you would use for large, involved projects but more for occasional use

2. Electronic

• The electronic sewing machine builds on the features of the mechanical machine without as much work needed by the user. Becoming popular in the 1970s, the electronic sewing machine uses an electrical impulse to shoot and return a needle into the correct place on the fabric and to create patterns. The precision of this device is much more accurate than that of the mechanical device. This automated machine can be used for tougher tasks like topstitching and piping and depending on the model may have hundreds of different stitch types available.

2. Computer

Computerized sewing machines are similar to the electronic machines, but the use of a microprocessor gives the machine the ability to accept new information from a memory card. This leads to an unlimited amount of patterns that can be applied to fabric for projects like bedspreads, bags, pillowcases, and garments. The user places the pattern on the card and then into the device, positions the fabric, and lets the machine automatically stitch the pattern. These devices often have a touch screen that lets you see the design you are about to apply. These machines tend to be the most expensive.

2. Sergers

These machines are the finishing devices that help touching up the fine details of the project. Also called merrow or overlock machines, they finish and cut the edges of material to make it look more professional. The serger machine consists of loopers and knives that acts like a pair of scissors to tidy up any errant stitches. The most professional serging machines deal with stretchy fabrics, sheer fabrics, and lingerie.

BROTHER - sewing and automatic machines for the garment industry.

JACK - all kinds of sewing and cutting machines.

KANSAI - sewing machines for knitwear, aparat, elastic belts, jeans, etc.

KINGTEX - edge-finishing machines.

GROZ -BECKERT - German-produced needles.

CONSEW - sewing machines for heavy-duty projects, upholstery and leather.

KRETZER - FINNY scissors made in Germany.

PEGASUS - Recognised as the leading company for chainstitch machines.

Furthermore, we import "Solingen" scissors manufactured by (Germany).

Task 3. Answer the questions according to the text.

1. Who is Singer?

2. When did the first sewing machines  introduce?

3. What kind of sewing machines do you know?

4. Tell about the electronic sewing machine.

Task 4. Make thesis plan to the text.

Task 5. Find terms and term-combinations from the text and make some sentences with them.

Task 6. Translate the sentences into your native language

1. Many people use sewing machines to complete various hobbies including making clothing and curtains.

2. Singer sewing machines were first introduced in 1850 as the creation of Isaac Singer.

3. Sewing machines make it very simple to learn how to sew. Many parents want to teach their children this valuable skill.

4. . Mechanical sewing machines can be used for basic sewing tasks like hems, repairs, simple clothing, and crafts and they tend to be the least expensive type of machine.

5. Computerized sewing machines are similar to the electronic machines, but the use of a microprocessor gives the machine the ability to accept new information from a memory card.

Task 7. Say true/ false.

1. The first sewing machines were introduced in 1756

2. Singer sewing machines were first introduced in 1850 as the creation of Isaac Singer.

3. Sewing machines make it very difficult to learn how to sew.

4. The serger machine consists of loopers and knives that acts like a pair of scissors to tidy up any errant stitches.

5. The computer sewing machine builds on the features of the mechanical machine without as much work needed by the user.

SSW

Task 6. Make a PowerPoint Presentation

Theme 3. Equipment for loading and unloading cargo

Task 1. Topical Vocabulary

	ENGLISH	KAZAKH	RUSSIAN
1	Warehouse	Қойма	Склад
2	Elevating crane	Көтеру краны	Подъемный кран
3	A hook	Ілмек	Крюк
4	Installation works	Орнату жұмыстары	Инсталляционные работы Установачные работы
5	Chassis	Шасси	Шасси
6	Hydraulic	Гидравикалық	Гидравлический
7	Put in	Қою	Вставить
8	Smoothness	Тегістік	Гладкость
9	Vehicles	Көлік	Транспортное средство
10	Stockpile	Запас	Запас
11	Rigid directing	Қатты бағыт	Твердое направление
12	Cockpit	Кабина	Кабина
13	Double-flight	Қос ұшу	Двойной полет

Task 2. Read the text and translate using topical vocabulary.

Loading and unloading of any difficulty: organization and carrying.

One of the most important stages of transportation of any cargo is loading/unloading. During the movement of cargo this stage repeats several times - when the cargo is picked up from the customer, when it is transported from one transport to another and also when it is placed into the warehouse.

Elevating crane – intended for lifting and moving of big weights, cargoes (features of the crane design allow it to move with cargo on a hook that is especially convenient at unloading and installation works);

Truck crane – a mobile elevating crane on the automobile chassis. The drive of mechanisms of the crane is hydraulic from the pump put in action by the engine of the chassis. The hydro drive provides ease and simplicity of control of the crane, smoothness of work of mechanisms, a wide range of working speeds, a combination of crane operations.

Autocar  (a loader, a loading self-propelled vehicle) is intended for performance of operations of lifting, moving and packing of cargoes to vehicles, stockpiles or sailings.

Manipulator crane –a load-lifting hydraulic device (crane-manipulator facility) used for cargo handling works, at small weights (up to 20 tons) and high mobility.

 Lift (with a telescopic arrow and a basket) is intended for vertical moving of cargoes and people in a cage moving along rigid directing lines.