Цитированная литература

¹ Комиссаров В.Н. Современное переводоведение. – М.: ЭТС, 2002 – с. 212

² Швейцер А.Д. Перевод и лингвистика. – М., 1973 – с. 123.

³ Ахманова О. С. Словарь лингвистических терминов. – М., 1966 – с. 55

⁴ Нелюбин Л.Л., Хухуни Г.Т. Переводоведение как наука и ее основные параметры. // Л.Л. Нелюбин, Е.Г. Князева. Переводческая лингводидактика. – М.: Флинта: Наука, 2009 – с. 15

⁵ Семенов А.Л. Основные положения общей теории перевода. – М.: РУДН, 2005. – с. 42

Вопросы для самоконтроля

1) Дайте определение термину «перевод».

2) Перечислите виды перевода.

3) Перечислите типы перевода.

4) В чем заключается сущность различных типов перевода?

Упражнения Упражнение № 1

Прочитайте текст. Передайте основное содержание текста на английском языке. Выполните функциональный перевод на русский язык:

A Russian cosmonaut during his training course in Huston had a conflict with his English teacher who was not happy with his behaviour and almost refused to teach him. When the interpreter tried to sort out the problem, the Russian spaceman assured him that he did not mean to hurt his teacher and added: ‘Actually she is a bit strange. Yesterday, for example, she asked me whether I would like to write the exercise. I just said ‘No, let’s do it orally’ but she suddenly got offended’.

Упражнение № 2

Прочтите текст, разделите его на абзацы. Выполните аспектный перевод текста, переведя информацию о типах устного перевода:

Interpreters and translators facilitate the cross-cultural communication necessary in today's society. However, these language specialists do more than simply translate words—they relay concepts and ideas between languages. They must thoroughly understand the subject matter in which they work in order to accurately convey information from a source language into a target language. In addition, they must be sensitive to the cultures associated with their languages of expertise. Although some people do both, interpreting and translation are different professions. Interpreters deal with spoken words, translators with written words. Each task requires a distinct set of skills and aptitudes. Interpreting requires that one pays attention carefully, understand what is communicated in both languages, and express thoughts and ideas clearly. Strong research and analytical skills, mental dexterity, and an exceptional memory also are important. There are two modes of interpreting: simultaneous, and consecutive. Simultaneous interpreting requires interpreters to listen and speak (or sign) at the same time someone is speaking or signing. Ideally, simultaneous interpreters should be so familiar with a subject that they are able to anticipate the end of the speaker's sentence. This type of interpreting is required at international conferences and is sometimes used in the courts. Consecutive interpreting begins only after the speaker has verbalized a group of words or sentences. Consecutive interpreters often take notes while listening to the speakers, so they must develop some type of note-taking or shorthand system. This form of interpreting is used most often for person-to-person communication. Translators convert written materials from one language into another. They must have excellent writing and analytical ability, and because the translations that they produce must be accurate, they also need good editing skills. Translating involves more than replacing a word with its equivalent in another language. Translators also must bear in mind any cultural references, such as colloquialisms, slang.