- •Contents:
- •The noun Классификация существительных
- •Притяжательный падеж имён существительных (The Possessive case (s'/'s).
- •The article
- •Test on articles usage
- •The adjective
- •Interesting more/less interesting the most/least
- •Interesting
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •The numeral
- •Дробные числительные
- •0.35 (.35) – Nought point three five/o point three five/ point three five
- •Для обозначения номеров домов, квартир, комнат, автобусов, рейсов самолётов, глав и страниц книг и т.Д. Обычно употребляются количественные числительные:
- •Грамматические свойства числительных
- •The adverb
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •The pronoun
- •1.Personal Pronouns
- •2.Possessive Pronouns
- •I saw him somewhere.
- •Is there anything I can do for you?
- •I cannot see him anywhere.
- •I have a few friends in Holland.
- •I've got only few pencils in the box.
- •Test on pronouns usage
- •The verb
- •I study at the Belarusian Jurisprudence Institute. Личные и неличные формы глагола
- •Основные формы глагола и времена
- •Правильные и неправильные глаголы
- •Классификация глаголов
- •Наклонение
- •If I were you, I should confess the fault freely.
- •It takes me only a few minutes to cook this dish.
- •Времена глаголов
- •The imperative mood
- •Present tenses
- •I take he takes
- •The present continuous (present progressive) tense
- •The present perfect tense
- •I have just come and I haven't had my dinner yet.
- •I haven't seen him today.
- •I haven't seen you for ages.
- •For/ since/ ago
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I've been working in the garden all day long.
- •I've known Jack for five years.
- •Past tenses the past indefinite (past simple) tense
- •I bought this book in Minsk.
- •I told him I didn't like fishing.
- •The past continuous (past progressive) tense
- •It was snowing all day yesterday.
- •The past perfect tense
- •The Past Indefinite (Past Simple) / Past Continuous (Past Progressive) / Past Perfect Continuous / Past Prefect Tense. Test
- •Future tenses
- •I'm going to present them to my little brother.
- •The Future Continuous (Future Progressive) Tense
- •I’ll be expecting you at 4 o’clock sharp.
- •It’s no use trying to see your teacher at 10. He will be giving a lesson at that time.
- •I’ll be seeing him this afternoon.
- •Future in the past
- •Sequence of tenses
- •I thought you were born in 1970.
- •Test sequence of tenses
- •The reported (indirect) speech
- •Reported speech test 1
- •Modal verbs
- •I shall be able to come earlier today.
- •It became dark in the room, and he had to switch on the light because he wanted to write the reply letter immedietly.
- •I don't have to get early today; it's my day off.
- •I was to see the doctor at 2 o'clock.
- •It may rain today.
- •I will gladly help you.
- •Test on modal verbs usage
- •The passive voice
- •The passive voice test 1
- •C) will have been X-rayed
- •The Tower of London
- •The subjunctive mood
- •I shouldn't write a letter to him, if I didn't know his address.
- •I souldn't have written a letter to him, if I hadn't known his address.
- •Conditional sentences
- •1.Если он придет завтра, я помогу ему.
- •2. Если бы он пришел завтра, я бы помог ему.
- •3. Если бы он пришел вчера, я бы помог ему.
- •Test on conditional sentences
- •B. Would be e. Would help
- •B. Wouldn’t have worked e. Hadn’t become
- •C. Had worked f. Won’t be sweeping
- •Inversion
- •The infinitive
- •I must go and see him.
- •I'm glad to have seen you.
- •It must have been a pleasant dream.
- •I was going to ask you to come with us.
- •I'm sorry to disturb you.
- •I want you to help me.
- •I ask you not to be late this time.
- •I saw him cross the street.
- •It's difficult for first-year students to read such texts.
- •It's necessary for me to know her new address. (сложное подлежащее)
- •The gerund
- •I don't remember seeing (having seen) him before.
- •In the morning light, she was ashamed of herself for having been elated the night before.
- •1. Дополнение после глаголов и словосочетаний:
- •The participle
- •I'm very much obliged to you.
- •Is the door locked?
- •Types of questions
- •Test 2 special questions
- •There is / there are
- •Is there anything in the room?
- •If we have spare time we shall visit the British Museum.
- •Союзные слова
- •The preposition
- •Предлоги места
- •Предлоги направления
- •At обозначает точку во времени:
- •In the evening – вечером (с 6 до 10 часов)
- •We have lessons from 8 a.M. Till 2 p.M.
- •Test on prepositions usage.
- •Conjunctions and prerositions
- •Word order
- •In summer Peter wrote them letters very often.
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •Phrasal verbs reference The grammar of phrasal verbs
It became dark in the room, and he had to switch on the light because he wanted to write the reply letter immedietly.
Глагол to have в модальном употреблении образует отрицательную и вопросительную формы только со вспомогательным глаголом to do:
I don't have to get early today; it's my day off.
Did she really have to repeat all those disgusting things again?
Глагол to be в модальном значении (должен, должен был) употребляется в сочетании с инфинитивом смыслового глагола (с частицей to) и означает необходимость совершения действия, намеченного заранее или согласно договорённости, требованию, плану:
You are to hand in your compositions on Tuesday.
I was to see the doctor at 2 o'clock.
Exercise 2.Fill in the gaps with the modal verb 'must' or the verb 'to have (to)' in its modal meaning (have to/has to/had to).
1.It's a fantastic film,you .... see it.
2.In many countries men .... do military service.
3.I .... go to the bank yesterday to get some money.
4.The windows are very dirty. I .... clean them.
5.Sarah is a nurse. Sometimes she .... to work at weekends.
6.I didn't have any money with me,so I .... borrow some.
7.The windows were very dirty yesterday. I .... to clean them.
8.I .... get up early tomorrow. I've got a lot to do.
9.You can't park here for nothing. You .... pay.
10.I eat too much chocolate, I really .... stop.
11.Come on!We .... hurry. We haven't got much time.
12.We arrived home very late last night. We .... wait for a taxi for more than half an hour.
13.In tennis you .... hit the ball over the net.
14.These cakes are very nice. You .... have one.
15.Ann came to the party but she didn't stay very long. She .... leave very early.
16.He didn't know how to use the machine. I .... show him.
17.I was nearly late for my appointment this morning. I .... run to get there on time.
Модальные глаголы 'shall' и 'should'
Глагол shall выражает долженствование с оттенком приказания:
You shall do this work at once.
Глагол should выражает долженствование с оттенком совета, упрёка, сожаления:
You should be more careful next time.
В сочетании с перфектным инфинитивом глагол should выражает сожаление о невыполненном действии:
You should have done this work.
Модальный глагол 'ought'
Глагол ought выражает необходимость того, что следует ожидать по логике вещей, моральный долг, желательность действия:
Sam ought to know such simple things.
В сочетании с перфектным инфинитивом глагол ought выражает действие, которое не состоялось в прошлом:
You ought to have helped your friend at that moment.
Exercise 3. Make up sentences expressing advice. Use the modal verb 'should' in the expression 'shouldn't....so....'.
1.(you smoke too much) You .... .
2.(you work too hard) You .... .
3.(he eats too much) He .... .
4.(she watches TV too often) She .... .
5.(you talk too much) You .... .
Модальный глагол 'may'
Глагол may (прошедшее время might) выражает:
а) разрешение:
May we be present at your lecture?
You may use my dictionary.
б) возможность или предположение: