- •Contents:
- •The noun Классификация существительных
- •Притяжательный падеж имён существительных (The Possessive case (s'/'s).
- •The article
- •Test on articles usage
- •The adjective
- •Interesting more/less interesting the most/least
- •Interesting
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •The numeral
- •Дробные числительные
- •0.35 (.35) – Nought point three five/o point three five/ point three five
- •Для обозначения номеров домов, квартир, комнат, автобусов, рейсов самолётов, глав и страниц книг и т.Д. Обычно употребляются количественные числительные:
- •Грамматические свойства числительных
- •The adverb
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •The pronoun
- •1.Personal Pronouns
- •2.Possessive Pronouns
- •I saw him somewhere.
- •Is there anything I can do for you?
- •I cannot see him anywhere.
- •I have a few friends in Holland.
- •I've got only few pencils in the box.
- •Test on pronouns usage
- •The verb
- •I study at the Belarusian Jurisprudence Institute. Личные и неличные формы глагола
- •Основные формы глагола и времена
- •Правильные и неправильные глаголы
- •Классификация глаголов
- •Наклонение
- •If I were you, I should confess the fault freely.
- •It takes me only a few minutes to cook this dish.
- •Времена глаголов
- •The imperative mood
- •Present tenses
- •I take he takes
- •The present continuous (present progressive) tense
- •The present perfect tense
- •I have just come and I haven't had my dinner yet.
- •I haven't seen him today.
- •I haven't seen you for ages.
- •For/ since/ ago
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I've been working in the garden all day long.
- •I've known Jack for five years.
- •Past tenses the past indefinite (past simple) tense
- •I bought this book in Minsk.
- •I told him I didn't like fishing.
- •The past continuous (past progressive) tense
- •It was snowing all day yesterday.
- •The past perfect tense
- •The Past Indefinite (Past Simple) / Past Continuous (Past Progressive) / Past Perfect Continuous / Past Prefect Tense. Test
- •Future tenses
- •I'm going to present them to my little brother.
- •The Future Continuous (Future Progressive) Tense
- •I’ll be expecting you at 4 o’clock sharp.
- •It’s no use trying to see your teacher at 10. He will be giving a lesson at that time.
- •I’ll be seeing him this afternoon.
- •Future in the past
- •Sequence of tenses
- •I thought you were born in 1970.
- •Test sequence of tenses
- •The reported (indirect) speech
- •Reported speech test 1
- •Modal verbs
- •I shall be able to come earlier today.
- •It became dark in the room, and he had to switch on the light because he wanted to write the reply letter immedietly.
- •I don't have to get early today; it's my day off.
- •I was to see the doctor at 2 o'clock.
- •It may rain today.
- •I will gladly help you.
- •Test on modal verbs usage
- •The passive voice
- •The passive voice test 1
- •C) will have been X-rayed
- •The Tower of London
- •The subjunctive mood
- •I shouldn't write a letter to him, if I didn't know his address.
- •I souldn't have written a letter to him, if I hadn't known his address.
- •Conditional sentences
- •1.Если он придет завтра, я помогу ему.
- •2. Если бы он пришел завтра, я бы помог ему.
- •3. Если бы он пришел вчера, я бы помог ему.
- •Test on conditional sentences
- •B. Would be e. Would help
- •B. Wouldn’t have worked e. Hadn’t become
- •C. Had worked f. Won’t be sweeping
- •Inversion
- •The infinitive
- •I must go and see him.
- •I'm glad to have seen you.
- •It must have been a pleasant dream.
- •I was going to ask you to come with us.
- •I'm sorry to disturb you.
- •I want you to help me.
- •I ask you not to be late this time.
- •I saw him cross the street.
- •It's difficult for first-year students to read such texts.
- •It's necessary for me to know her new address. (сложное подлежащее)
- •The gerund
- •I don't remember seeing (having seen) him before.
- •In the morning light, she was ashamed of herself for having been elated the night before.
- •1. Дополнение после глаголов и словосочетаний:
- •The participle
- •I'm very much obliged to you.
- •Is the door locked?
- •Types of questions
- •Test 2 special questions
- •There is / there are
- •Is there anything in the room?
- •If we have spare time we shall visit the British Museum.
- •Союзные слова
- •The preposition
- •Предлоги места
- •Предлоги направления
- •At обозначает точку во времени:
- •In the evening – вечером (с 6 до 10 часов)
- •We have lessons from 8 a.M. Till 2 p.M.
- •Test on prepositions usage.
- •Conjunctions and prerositions
- •Word order
- •In summer Peter wrote them letters very often.
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •Phrasal verbs reference The grammar of phrasal verbs
Past tenses the past indefinite (past simple) tense
Past Indefinite (Past Simple) обозначает действия или состояния, происходившие в какой-то период или отрезок времени в прошлом и не связанные с моментом речи. При этом действие выражается как факт, без указания на характер его протекания. Это временная форма, характерная для повествования, рассказа о прошедших событиях.
Past Indefinite (Past Simple) употребляется:
для выражения отдельных фактов (действий, событий, состояний), имевших место в прошлом и не связанных с настоящим. Время прошедшего события часто уточняется обстоятельственными словами yesterday, last night, last week, last year, last summer, the other day, in 1991 и т.п., а также словосочетаниями с наречием ago (five minutes ago, an hour ago, two years ago и т.д.):
I bought this book in Minsk.
He knocked at the door, but no one answered.
We met many years ago.
Last summer my friend spent in the mountains.
для выражения повторных или обычных действий в прошлом, не связанных с настоящим:
When he was ill we went to see him every other day.
для выражения действия или свойства, характеризовавшего подлежащее в прошлом:
Jack played chess very well when he was a small boy.
в дополнительных придаточных предложениях в косвенной речи, когда глагол в главном предложении стоит в Past Indefinite:
I told him I didn't like fishing.
He said he lived in the neighbouring house.
Past Indefinite (Past Simple) правильных глаголов образуется прибавлением окончания –ed (d) к основе инфинитива. Неправильные глаголы образуют вторую основную форму особым образом (см. таблицу неправильных глаголов).
Exercise 1. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Indefinite (Past Simple) Tense.
1.There isn't a cloud in the sky, but it (be) cloudy in the morning.
2.Mrs.Clay usually finishes her work at half past three, but she (finish) it later yesterday afternoon.
3.Every day I help Mom about the house, but last week I was very busy with my exam. So I (not/help) her much.
4.Tom isn't playing tennis tomorrow afternoon, he (not/play) tennis yesterday.
5.We generally have lunch at 12.30, but yesterday we (have lunch) later.
6.Now my brother smokes a lot, but he (not/smoke) before.
7.The Frasers live in a four-room apartment, but last year they (live) in a small house in the country.
8.I don't eat meat at all, but the other day I visited my friends and (eat) pork there.
9.My Dad always goes to work by car, but last week he (go) to work on foot.
10.The weather is nice today, but it (be) bad yesterday.
11.We rarely watch television, but last week we (watch) a lot of interesting programmes.
12.-Do you often see Tom?
-Not often, but I (see) him at the party the other day.
13.I (get) to the market myself last time, but now I don't remember how to get there.
14.I sleep well, but last night I (not/sleep) at all.
15.I usually come home at 2p.m., but last week I was on duty and (come) home a little later.
16.It seemed impossible for him to win, but he (win).
17.I walked quickly because I (feel) cold.
18.It (take) him two hours to get to London.
19.Helen (prefer) tea to coffee.
20.My husband (speak) to his boss last week.
21.Five years ago my Dad (sell) his farm and (buy) a business in a small town.
22.He (meet) Mary and (fall) in love with her at first sight.
23.As soon as the bus (stop), Jill (get off).
24.Three weeks later I (leave) for Moscow.
25.How you (cut) your finger?
26.Jack (try) to remember what he had done last April.
27.Yesterday Mr. Watson (drink) too much at the party.
28.Looking through the paper, the teacher (find) several mistakes.
29.Julius Caesar (found) the Tower of London.
30.Ten minutes ago I (hear) a strange noise.
31.Edward (make) up his mind to escape from prison.
32.When you (write) to your parents last time?
The Present Perfect/the Past Indefinite (Past Simple)Tenses:
TEST
Choose the one variant that best completes the sentence.
1.We (not/have) a holiday last year.
a) didn't have b) haven't had c) hadn't have
2.My parents (be) to the USA many times.
a) have been b) were c) have being
3.I (buy) a new dress last week, but I (not/wear) it yet.
a) have bought a) haven't worn
b) bought b) wore
c) had bought c) didn't wear
4......it (stop) raining yet?
a) Did it stop b) Is it stopped c) Has it stopped
5.Don't worry about your letter. I (send) it the day before yesterday.
a) sended b) have sent c) sent
6.I (lose) my glasses. I (have) them when I came to the college this morning.
a) losed a) have had
b) have lost b) had
c) lost c) have
7.When Jill (finish) school?
a) When had Jill finished
b) When has Jill finished
c) When did Jill finish
8.When I was a child, I (always/be) late for school.
a) have always been
b) was always late
c) had always been
9.I can't find my umbrella. I think somebody (take) it by mistake.
a) took b) takes c) has taken
10.-Are you tired?
-Yes, a little. I (paint) the ceiling today.
a) have painted b) painted c) paint
11.We (not/see) Peter this week, but we (see) him a couple of weeks ago.
a) didn't see a) saw
b) haven't saw b) have saw
c) haven't seen c) have seen
12.-Have you got any money?
-Yes, I (borrow) it from my brother.
a) borrowed b) have borrowed c) did borrow
13.-Where is Jane?
-She (go) to the shops.
a) went b) has gone c) has went
14.My husband (work) in the bank for three years since 1990 to1993.
a) has worked b) had worked c) worked
15.Mom (lose) her car keys, so we have to open the doors by force.
a) has lost b) lost c) losed
16.One of the passengers (die) in that accident.
a) has died b) died
17.My sister and her husband (be married) since last Christmas.
a) were married b) have married
c) have been married
18......the post (come) today?
a) Did the post come b) Has the post come
c) Has the post came