Cравнительная таблица глагольных форм в активном и пассивном залогах

АКТИВНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

	Simple	Continuous	Perfect
Present	build	am /is/ are building	have / has built
Past	built	was /were building	had built
Future	will build	will be building	will have built

ПАССИВНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

	Simple	Continuous	Perfect
Present	am /is /are built	am is /are being built	has / have been built
Past	was / were built	was / were being built	had been built
Future	will be built	_	will have been built

Passive (present simple)

Present simple tense of verb to be (am, is, are) + past participle

Active: The Italians eat a lot of pasta. Passive: A lot of pasta is eaten in Italy.

Ex. 1. British facts.

Do these facts surprise you? Use the present passive of the verb in brackets.

Example: 70 billion cups of tea __are drunk__ (drink) in Britain every year.

1 A billion litres of fruit juice ______________________(buy) by the British every year.

2 20 million litres of milk ______________________(drink) every day.

3 9 million chickens and turkeys ________________________(kill) every week.

4 Not everybody eats meet. Meat _______________________(not eat) by three per cent of

British people.

5 3,500 litres of water ________________(use) by the average British family every week.

6 In Britain over 15 million newspapers ____________________(read) every day.

7 Over 30 million television sets ________________(own) by British families.

8 Every day enough rubbish _______________________(produce) to fill Trafalgar Square -

up to the top of Nelson’s Column!

Ex. 2. At the doctor’s.

Write what happens when you go to the doctor’s. Use present simple passive.

Example: He tests your eyes. Your eyes are tested.______

1 He looks at your throat. ________________________________________________________

2 He takes your pulse. __________________________________________________________

3 He weighs you. _____________________________________________________________

4 He checks your blood pressure. _________________________________________________

5 He examines your chest. ______________________________________________________

6 He X-rays your lungs. ________________________________________________________

7 He takes a blood sample. ______________________________________________________

8 He measures your height. ______________________________________________________

9 He tests your hearing. ________________________________________________________

10 He listens to your heart. _______________________________________________________

Ex. 3. Use present passive simple in the following informative text to describe the

processes and events.

Production of Crisps

Crisps ______________(make) from potatoes. The potato was discovered in Peru in the 16^th century and brought to Europe by the Spanish. Crisps were invented in the United States. More crisps _________________(eat) today in America than in any other country. But, in fact, they __________________(not call) crisps in America. They ________________(call) chips. How they ________________(make)?

The potatoes ______________(grow) and they _______________(dig up), _____________(put)

into sacks and _______________(take) to the factory. There the potatoes _____________(wash), _____________(peel) and ______________(slice). The slices of potatoes _____________(cook)

in hot vegetable oil. The cooked crisps _________________(take) to the packing machine. Then flavourings and salt ________________(add). The crisps ______________(put) into packets and the packets ______________(put) into boxes. Then the boxes ________________(send) to shops, cafes and pubs.