- •Lesson 1 computer users Glossary to learn
- •Computer Users
- •Comprehension check
- •Here are some terms of computer systems. Be able to comment on them, “decode” them for a freshman in computing.
- •II. Insert the necessary words.
- •III. Find the answers to these questions in the text.
- •Discussion
- •Discuss with your partner what you have learned from the text about the structure of computer systems, types of computers and the Internet services.
- •Make up your own vocabulary on this text. Use each term of it in the sentence of your own.
- •Lesson 2
- •Computer architecture
- •Glossary to learn
- •Computer Architecture
- •Comprehension check
- •II. What do these abbreviations mean?
- •III. Complete the sentences or insert the necessary word.
- •Discussion
- •Lesson 3 computer applications Glossary to learn
- •Computer Applications
- •Comprehension check
- •Complete the sentences.
- •Make up questions for these answers.
- •Answer the questions and give reasons for your answers.
- •Discussion
- •I. Discuss with your partner what you have learned from the text about
- •II. Look at the text and decide what new expressions and abbreviations illustrate
- •Lesson 4 operating systems Glossary to learn
- •Operating Systems
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Find the answers to these questions.
- •II. Complete the gaps in this summary of the text on operating systems using these words and phrases:
- •Discussion
- •Lesson 5 applications programs Glossary to learn
- •Applications Programs
- •Comprehension check
- •II. Identify the function of the following applications programs:
- •III. Insert the necessary words or abbreviation.
- •Discussion
- •Lesson 6 networks Glossary to learn
- •Networks
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Choose the necessary definition to each sentence.
- •II. Express your agreement or disagreement with the following.
- •III. Answer the questions.
- •Discussion
- •I. Comment on the text using the following prompts.
- •II. Give a brief summary of the text.
- •Lesson 7
- •The internet
- •Glossary to learn
- •Irc (Internet relay chat)
- •The Internet
- •Comprehension check
- •II. Read the questions below and answer them.
- •III. Explain what is:
- •IV. Mark the following as true or false.
- •Discussion
- •Do you agree that the Internet is giant breakthrough in information technology field? Why? Give your reasons.
- •What in your opinion are positive and negative sides of the Internet? List your ideas and compare them with your groupmates.
- •III. Summarise the information presented in the text.
- •Lesson 8
- •Multimedia
- •Glossary to learn
- •Pronounce the words and abbreviations correctly.
- •Find the transcription for each combination of words.
- •Multimedia
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Read the questions below and find the answers in the text.
- •II. Say whether the following statements are true or false.
- •IV. Say what you have learned from the text about
- •Discussion
- •I. Do you agree that
- •II. Summarize the information presented in the text.
- •Lesson 9
- •Websites
- •Glossary to learn
- •Websites
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Mark the following statements as true or false and if they are false correct them.
- •Discussion
- •Lesson 10 communications systems Glossary to learn
- •Communications Systems
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Study these examples of abbreviations used in mobile phone text massages. Try to guess the meaning of the other abbreviations.
- •II. What do these abbreviations mean?
- •III. Read the question and find the answer in the text.
- •IV. Fill in the gap with necessary word, word-combination or abbreviation.
- •Discussion
- •Lesson 11 the world wide web Glossary to learn
- •Rewrite the underlined words in transcription in your copybooks.
- •II. Give these abbreviations a full form.
- •The World Wide Web
- •Comprehension check
- •Discussion
- •II. Try to describe to each other a process of streaming.
- •Lesson 12
- •Software engineering
- •Glossary to learn
- •Software Engineering
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Explain what is meant by the following word combinations:
- •II. Put these five stages of programming in the correct sequence.
- •III. To which stage does each of these steps belong?
- •Discussion
- •I. Work in pairs. Together decide what would be the most appropriate language to use for each of these situations.
- •II. Give a brief summary of the text.
- •Lesson 13
- •The future of it
- •Glossary to learn
- •The Future of it
- •Comprehension check
- •Give the definition of the following word-combinations and words.
- •How do you think developments in it will affect these areas of life in the next ten years?
- •Put the parts of the sentences in the right order.
- •Discussion
- •Lesson 14 data security 1 Glossary to learn
- •Data Security 1
- •Comprehension check
- •Consider the following questions on the text.
- •III. Read the short descriptions of computer crimes. Decide in your group what kind of crime is mentioned in each case. Name them.
- •Discussion
- •I. Find the other examples of computer crimes in daily newspapers. Discuss them.
- •II. Comment on the text. Tell your partner what information might be interesting and useful to you.
- •Lesson 15
- •Data security 2
- •Glossary to learn
- •I. Pronounce the combinations of words correctly.
- •II. Find the transcription for each combination of words.
- •Data Security 2
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Find words or phrases in the text which mean
- •II. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form in this description of how smart cards work.
- •III. Decide on the relationship between these events. Then link them in the right order to make up a description of operation of anti-virus program.
- •Make up questions for these answers.
- •Discussion
Discussion
I. Discuss with your partner what you have learned from the text about
A variety of work situations where previously it was necessary to employ people and now computer systems are used.
Speed traps as new systems of preventing “surfing”.
Operation of EPOS till.
How ATM changed the work of banks.
II. Look at the text and decide what new expressions and abbreviations illustrate
The operation of speed trap.
The work of EPOS till.
The process of withdrawing money from bank account.
Lesson 4 operating systems Glossary to learn
brand computer
assembly line
OS (operating system)
interface
applications program
interact
computer's resources
execute services
supervisor program
resident program
nonresident program
command driven
command prompt
multi-user
multi-tasking
mainframe computer
GUI (graphical user interface)
click on icons
menu
Pre-reading task
Before reading the text answer the following questions.
1. Do you know anything about operating systems?
2. What kind of operating systems do you know?
Operating Systems
When a brand new computer comes off the factory assembly line, it can do nothing. The hardware needs software to make it work. Are we talking about applications software such as wordprocessing or spreadsheet software? Partly. But an applications software package does not communicate directly with the hardware. Between the applications software and the hardware is a software interface - an operating system.
The operating system (OS) is the set of computer programs that allow the user to perform basic tasks like copying, moving, saving and printing files. It also provides an interface between (i.e. provides communication between) applications programs (e.g. wordprocessors or spreadsheets) and the computer hardware. An operating system has three main functions: (1) manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing unit, memory, disk drives, and printers, (2) establish a user interface, and (3) execute and provide services for applications software.
As a user interacts with an applications program on the screen, the applications program communicates with the operating system and the operating system communicates with the computer hardware. The work of the operating system takes place in the background and is not always obvious to the user. In particular, the first listed function, managing the computer's resources, is taken care of without the user being aware of the details. Furthermore, all input and output operations, although invoked by an applications program, are actually carried out by the operating system.
The most important program in an OS is the supervisor program. It remains in memory all the time that the computer is operating, and manages the OS. It loads other parts of the OS into memory when they are needed. Programs that remain in memory while the computer is in use are known as resident programs. Programs that only stay in memory while they are being used are known as nonresident programs.
Some operating systems are command driven (i.e. the user runs a program by typing a command). The screen is usually blank except for a symbol (e.g. $), which acts as a command prompt. When the command is typed at the prompt and the Enter key is pressed, the command is processed and the output is displayed on the screen. OS commands are usually short words or abbreviations (e.g., date, logout, password, Is).
Unix is a command driven operating system used on all sizes of computers, but mostly large multi-user, multi-tasking mainframe computers. It is available in many versions, such as Linux, Minix, HP-UX, Xenix, Venix, Ultrix, A/UX, AIX, Solaris, and PowerOpen. Other command driven operating systems mentioned in this unit include: VAX/VMS, MVS VM OS/390, NetWare, MS-DOS and PC-DOS.
Some operating systems have a GUI (pronounced like 'goo-ey' - graphical user interface) that allows the user to use a mouse to click on icons on the screen or choose commands from a list of choices known as a menu. Operating systems with graphical interfaces mentioned in this unit include: MacOS, OS/2, Penpoint, Windows NT, Windows 3.x, Windows 9X and Windows 2000.