- •Tourism DestinationS Management
- •Kyiv 2014
- •Content
- •Introduction
- •Topic 1. Theoretical bases of tourism destinations formation and development Lecture Plan
- •Polarized growth in tourism
- •Tourism Destination concept Evolution of the definition “Tourist/Tourism Destination”
- •The modern model of Tourist Destintion
- •Classification of leisure destinations based on their principal attractions
- •Development conditions and factors of destination
- •Theories of tourism destination development
- •Classical Change Theory - The Life-Cycle Model
- •The Theory of Species Evolution
- •Punctuated Equilibrium model
- •Chaos Theory
- •Topic 2. Methodology of Tourist Destinations Management Research Lecture Plan
- •Objectives and research directions for tourism destinations
- •Scanning macro environment
- •Examples of macro-environment changes
- •Evaluating existing and potential tourism resources
- •Examples of Intangible resources
- •3. Assessing market trends and performance
- •4. Analysing competitiveness
- •Scale rating competition (Blank)
- •Methods of tourism destination studies
- •Innovation
- •Impact on local mobility
- •Phase 1 the diagnostic process
- •Topic 3. Tourism Destination Competitiveness Lecture Plan
- •The concept of tourism destination competitiveness Evolution of views on tourism destination competitiveness
- •Value chain of tourist destinations
- •Models of tourism destination competitiveness
- •Model of Destination Competitiveness and Sustainability (Ritchie and Crouch, 1993, 2000)
- •Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index based on an initiative of the World Travel and Tourism Council (wttc)
- •Topic 4. Management of tourism destinations visitors’ consumer behavior Lecture plan
- •Consumer behavior of tourism destinations visitors. Behavior at different stages of the purchase and consumption
- •The main features of tourist behavior
- •Concept map for understanding tourist behaviour
- •I. The formation of touristic needs. Motivation
- •Decisions involved in choosing a destination
- •Factors influencing the destination decision
- •III. Tourists’ On-Site Experiences
- •IV. The customer satisfaction/dissatisfaction
- •The formation of loyalty to tourist destination
- •Motive factors and items
- •Trends in tourist`s consumer behavior Trends in travel motivation
- •Technological Changes in tourist`s consumer behavior
- •Modern tourist values
- •Specific models of market segmentation in tourism Types of tourists/travellers
- •Thirteen major emerging markets and changes in demand
- •Topic 5. Tourist Destinations planning Lecture Plan
- •Destination as an object of management
- •Strategic management objectives for destinations
- •Relationships between stakeholders in tourism
- •Public-private partnership in tourism destination management
- •Success factors in managing public-private partnerships in the tourist sector (unwto)
- •Destination management organizations (dmo), their levels
- •Destination Management Organisations levels
- •Topic 6. Tourist Destinations Marketing Lecture plan
- •The modern concept of tourism destination marketing
- •Marketing mix of tourism destination
- •Four destination product components
- •Applied areas of marketing research for the benefit of tourism destination Contribution of marketing research to destination marketing
- •Tourist destination Image and Brand Evolution of tourist destination image definition
- •Components of destination image and sample research procedures
- •Destination brand
- •Destination brand – Key points:
- •The difference between a destination product and a destination brand
- •Destination branding
- •Developing a branding strategy Branding Process
- •Brand Pyramid
- •Brand Wheel
- •Key challenges in developing and effectively applying a destination brand
- •Bringing the Brand to Life
- •Tourism destination Event marketing
- •Attraction
- •Image and Branding
- •Community
- •5.Tourism destination Internet Marketing Overview of the different e-marketing techniques at each stage of the ‘customer journey’
- •10 Key areas for action in e-marketing
- •1. Reach as many potential customers as possible
- •2. Maximise the lifetime value of customers, by maintaining the relationship via crm
- •3. Join the social networking revolution, facilitating user-generated content
- •4. Maintain high quality content
- •5. Create a compelling website experience
- •10. Ensure effective electronic distribution of information to visitors ‘en route’ and in the destination
- •Supporting technologies required to implement the ‘10 keys’
- •Organizational aspects of the tourism destinations marketing
- •Strategic marketing planning for tourist destination The key processes in determining a destination marketing plan are as follows:
- •Destination marketing planning process
- •Structure of the strategic marketing plan for Greece
- •Topic 7. Tourism Destinations in the context of the Sustainable Development Lecture plan
- •Environmental
- •12 Aims for sustainable tourism/ sustainable tourism development (unwto/unep)
- •The challenges of tourism destinations sustainable development
- •The general procedure that is commonly recommended for implementing sustainable tourism or sustainable development within a destination
- •Implement remedial actions where necessary • May require reassessment of st goals
- •Sustainable tourism strategy
- •Control of sustainable tourism Sustainable tourism indicators
- •Core wto Indicators of sustainable tourism (short list)
- •Bibliography
Applied areas of marketing research for the benefit of tourism destination Contribution of marketing research to destination marketing
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Identification of the main attributes anticipated by each market segment |
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Design and attributes required for tourism products and services |
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Evaluation and development of destination image |
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Segmentation of market and development of corresponding marketing mixes |
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Opening new markets and reducing dependency on existing ones |
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Evaluation of the elasticity of demand for each market segment
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Reduction of seasonality by matching market segments |
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Examination of reasons deterring people (suppressed demand) from visiting destinations |
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Assessment of compatibility with other target markets |
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Examination of alternative distribution channels |
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Assessment of tourism impacts to the destination and selecting the right segments |
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Evaluation of marketing effectiveness and selection of media for promotion |
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Tourist destination Image and Brand Evolution of tourist destination image definition
Hunt (1975) |
Perceptions held by potential visitors about an area
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Lawson and Baud-Bovy (1977)
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An expression of knowledge, impressions, prejudice, imaginations and emotional thoughts an individual has of a specific object or place |
Crompton (1979)
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Sum of beliefs, ideas and impressions that a person has of a destination
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Stringer (1984)
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A reflection or representation of sensory or conceptual information |
Dichter (1985) |
Overall impression with some emotional content |
Phelps (1986) |
Perceptions or impressions of a place |
Frigden (1987)
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A mental representation of an object, person, place or event which is not physically before the observer |
Ahmed (1991)
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What tourists as buyers ‘see’ and ‘feel’ when the destination or its attractions come to mind as a place suited for the pursuit of leisure |
Gartner (1993)
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A complex combination of various products and associated attributes |
Kotler (1994)
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Net result of a person’s belief, ideas, feelings, expectations and impressions about a place or an object |
Baloglo and McLeary (1999)
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An attitudinal construct consisting of an individual’s mental representations of knowledge, feelings and global impression about an object or destination |
Tapachai and Waryszak (2000)
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A mental prototype |
Image formation agents:
The traditional forms of advertising through television, radio and brochures
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Material received through travel agents, tour operators and wholesalers
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Supporting or recommendaition of well known celebrities
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Unsponsored travel writing
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Movies, news articles and documentaries
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(6) Individuals who have previously visited a destination or who claim to be knowledgeable about the destination
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Word-of-mouth advertising
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The experience of having personally visited the destination
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