2. Переведите на русский язык встречающиеся в тексте интерна­циональные слова:

transformer, principle, operation, electrical energy, voltage, in parallel, function, maximum efficiency, factor, material, design.

3. Прочтите текст и выполните следующие за ним упражнения:

Transformers

1) One of the great advantages in the use of the alternating current is the ease with which the voltage may be changed by means of a relatively simple device known as a transformer. Although there are many different types of transformers and a great variety of different applications, the principles of operation are the same in each case.

2) A transformer consists of two insulated coils of wire linked with a ring of iron. The coils are called high-voltage and low-voltage windings, or primary and secondary windings. The primary winding is connected to the source of energy, and secondary is connected to the load. The high-voltage winding is designed for the higher voltage, and has the greater number of turns. The ring of iron is called the core.

3) Each coil consists of some loops of wire. Several strands may be used in parallel but electrically insulated from each other, from the core and from the other coil.

4) The core consists of thin sheets of high-grade silicon steel. The thickness depends somewhat on the frequency at which the transformer is to operate.

5) The main function of a transformer is to transform electrical energy from one alternating voltage to another. To transform large amounts of energy with maximum efficiency, many factors must be considered in determining the materials, design, and arrangement of the primary and secondary coils and the core.

4. Переведите на русский язык в письменной форме абзацы 1,2 и 5.

5. Найдите соответствующие ответы на вопросы и напишите их в той последовательности, в которой заданы вопросы: Вопросы

1. What is the main function of a transformer?

2. How are called the coils in transformer?

3. What does the core consist of?

4. What is primary winding connected to?

5. What does the coil consist of?

Ответы

a. They are called primary or secondary winding.

b. It is connected to the source of energy.

c. It consists of some loops of wire.

d. to transform electrical energy from one alternating voltage to another.

e. It consists of thin sheets of high-grade silicon steel.

6. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания:

1. There are many types of transformers, but principles of their operation ...

a) are different.

b) are the same.

2. The primary winding is connected …

a) to the load.

b) to the source of energy.

3. The main function of a transformer is...

a) to transform electrical energy into mechanical one.

b) to transform electrical energy from one alternating voltage to another.

4. High-voltage winding has...

a) greater number of turns.

b) less number of turns.