7. Grafical and phonetic stylistic devices.

The stylistic devices on the phonological level are the specific ways of selection and combination of sounds that impart a special phonetic form to the text and consequently colour it emotionally and expressively. Onomatopoeia is a combination of speech sounds which aims at imitating sounds produced in nature. Direct O. is contained in words that imitate natural sounds: ding-dong, buzz, bang. Indirect onomatopoeia is a combination of sounds the aim of which is to make the sound of the utterance an echo of its sense.

Alliteration aims at imparting a melodic effect to the utterance; does not bear any lexical or other meaning unless we agree that a sound meaning exists as such. Alliteration is generally regarded as a musical accompaniment of the author's idea. It is frequently used in newspaper headlines, in the titles of books, in proverbs and sayings, as, for example, in the following: Tit for tat; blind as a bat, betwixt and between; to rob Peter to pay Paul; or in the titles of books.

Rhyme is the repetition of identical or similar terminal sounds or combinations of words. Rhyming words are generally placed at a regular distance from each other. In verse they are usually placed at the end of the corresponding lines. According to the way the rhymes are arranged within the stanza:

1.couplets-when the last words of two successive lines are rhymed. This is commonly marked aa-. 2. triple rhymes-aaa; 3. cross rhymes-abab; 4. framing or ring rhymes-abba; 5.internal rhyme'. The rhyming words are placed within the line: I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers.

Rhythm intensifies the emotions, it also specifies emotions. Therefore Rhythm in verse as SD is defined as a combination of the ideal metrical scheme and the variations of it, variations which are governed.

Speaking about the inseparable unity of form and meaning of literary work it is worth mentioning that its aesthetic impact depends on phonetic and graphical arrangement of text elements and text as a whole. To create additional information in a literary discourse sound instrumenting is often used alongside the specific graphical representation.

Graphon is intentional violation of graphical shape of a word. The main function of graphon is to supply information about the speaker’s origin, social and educational background etc. Gr., individualizing the character's speech, adds to his plausibility, vividness, memorability. Gr. is popular in advertisements: Sooper Class Model – ad of car. Наша вата – нова М’Якість.