11. Board game

Board games are used for teaching pronunciation in pairs or small groups. They teach not only pronunciation but also learner interaction.

9. The content of teaching vocabulary

1. Grammar

2. Lexis

3. Phonology

5. Reading

6. Writing

7. Listening

8. Speaking

10. Methods of teaching vocabulary: translation, synonyms, antonyms.

Syns and Ants

By Mark Tuohy Age Range: 7 to 11

A teacher prepares about 20 cards beforehand each having a headword followed by a list of between 5 to 8 synonyms or antonyms in order of difficulty (1 easy, 5 harder, etc).

Children are split into teams and then the teacher writes the headword on the board and tells them to give a synonym or an antonym. Each group has a guess and if their guess is one of the words on the card they get the point value of that word.

The team at the end of the game with most points wins.

11. Methods of teaching vocabulary: the use of visibility, word formation.

Teaching with flashcards

Flash cards are images on cards, used to help to remember new vocabulary in a new language.

The benefits of flashcards:

- bring images of reality

- interesting and funny activity

- helps SS to remember new vocabulary in a new language instead of simply reading the definition in a dictionary, as the student can SEE what the word means.

- motivate and draw learners’ attention

- involve SS producing and revising vocabulary quickly

- useful for various types of activities (drilling, comparing, etc.)

- develop speaking, writing and other skills

- flexibility ( flashcards are easily kept)

-- come in a variety of formats and styles. When the collection of pictures is once made, it can serve for a long time.

- It is important to combine them with other techniques and different types of stimuli (movement, verbal stimuli, sound, etc). Moreover, pictures used for demonstration of the meaning should be repeatedly connected with the spoken and subsequently also written form of the word.

- The presentation of vocabulary with flashcards can be done in lots of various ways, for example in telling a story or just simply based on a set of vocabulary for a particular topic.

Types of

Large: useful for whole-class work

Small: useful for group-work, games and other group-work activities

A new word flashcard

- A single picture

- several pictures if students don’t get the correct idea about what aspect of the picture the teacher had in mind. (E.g. to teach the phrase ‘to be horrified’, the teacher could show three pictures of people horrified by different things).

Big flashcards

- suitable for vocabulary practice and testing. The teacher just flashes the cards quickly and students guess or describe what they saw.

W ord flashcards

- typically used in teaching reading and writing

- used in teaching vocabulary too (in teaching the spelling of newly learnt words)

Small picture flashcards

-used in reviewing and practicing vocabulary (one-side-only cards, both-sided ones and sets of pairs (antonyms or synonyms, a picture and the corresponding word or phrase) or sets of cards connected e.g. by their meaning)

- used in games (“domino”)

- used in matching activities

- used in creating story

- used for asking each other questions

- used in individual practice of vocabulary, e.g. looking at a picture and guessing the meaning written on the other side.

Drawing