- •Diplomatic handbook Seventh Edition
- •Longman London and New York
- •Contents
- •Chapter I
- •Introduction
- •International organisations: accreditation
- •In the absence of a full diplomatic
- •Orders of precedence
- •Precedence between heads of diplomatic
- •Individual precedence within a mission
- •Individual precedence inter se of
- •Precedence of heads of mission within the
- •Immunities
- •Inviolability and immunity of premises
- •Inviolability of records, documents,
- •Immunity from criminal jurisdiction
- •Immunity from civil and administrative
- •Inviolability of correspondence
- •Inviolability of property
- •Relating to the consular post
- •Facilities, personal privileges and immunities
- •The united nations purposes and principles
- •Purposes
- •Principles
- •The general assembly
- •The security council
- •The economic and social council
- •The trusteeship council
- •The international court of justice
- •The secretary-general and the secretariat
- •Intergovernmental agencies related
- •Food and agriculture organisation
- •International atomic energy agency
- •International civil aviation organisation
- •International fund for agricultural development
- •International labour organisation
- •International maritime organisation
- •International telecommunications union
- •The international monetary fund
- •The world bank
- •United nations development programme
- •Universal postal union
- •World health organisation
- •World intellectual property organisation
- •World meteorological organisation
- •Subsidiary organisations
- •International law commission
- •International research and training
- •Institute for the advancement of women
- •Other consultative bodies
- •United nations children’s emergency fund
- •United nations environment programme
- •United nations fund for population activities
- •United nations high commission for refugees
- •International
- •Arab league/the league of arab states
- •Asia-pacific economic cooperation
- •Bank for international settlements
- •Black sea economic cooperation
- •Caribbean regional organisations the association of caribbean states
- •Central american common market
- •Central european initiative
- •Common market for eastern and southern africa
- •The commonwealth
- •Council of europe
- •Economic cooperation organisation
- •European free trade association/ european economic area
- •Indian ocean association for regional cooperation
- •Islamic conference organisation
- •Maghreb arab union
- •North american free trade agreement
- •North atlantic treaty organisation
- •Organisation of african unity
- •Organisation of american states
- •South pacific regional organisations
- •Visegrád group
- •Western european union
- •World trade organisation
- •Chapter 9
- •International law and
- •Definition and general principles
- •Treaties and treaty-making general principles
- •Types of treaties
- •The process of treaty-making
- •The form and content of treaties
- •The validity of treaties
- •The termination of treaties
- •Diplomatic asylum
- •Voting quorums and majority requirements
- •All male/female seating plan: host/hostess and seven guests
- •Invitations
- •Introducing people
- •Visiting cards
- •International
- •Islamic festivals
- •1. The ozone layer
- •2. Global warming and the
- •3. Biodiversity
- •4. The preservation of forests
United nations high commission for refugees
The origins of the UNHCR are to be found in the aftermath of the First World War and the establishment by the League of Nations of the principle that the international community of states has a duty to provide refugees with protection and find solutions to their problems. Following the Second World War, the UN established the International Refugee Organisation in order to continue the work of the League, and this was superseded in 1951 by the UNHCR, with the task of 'providing international protection ... and ... seeking permanent solutions for the problems of refugees'.
The activities of UNHCR and the obligations of the signatories were specified in the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the subsequent 1967 Protocol (126 states subscribing to the former and 118 to the latter) which clarifies and extends the definition of the term 'refugee' and establishes the social and legal status of refugees. Regional definitions and principles have been adopted to meet special circumstances, in particular the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa and the 1984 Cartagena Declaration on Refugees.
The UN High Commissioner for Refugees is elected by the UN General Assembly on the nomination of the Secretary General. The General Assembly and ECOSOC provide policy directives, and the Executive Committee composed of forty-seven member-government representatives supported by two sub-committees put them into effect.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
ORGANISATION
UNIDO was established by the General Assembly in 1966 for the purpose of encouraging and implementing United Nations efforts in the field of industrial development, particularly by carrying out research studies on behalf of developing countries. Its governing body, the Industrial Development Board, is elected by the General Assembly and reports to the Assembly through ECOSOC; and its Secretariat is at the UN City in Vienna.
UNITED NATIONS INSTITUTE FOR TRAINING
AND RESEARCH
UNITAR seeks to contribute to the process of modernisation and development through the better use of the training of human resources. It carries out training programmes in diplomatic practice, international organisation and technical and economic cooperation, and has as a major objective the creation of a corps of personnel of the highest calibre, particularly from the developing countries, equipped to serve in assignments within the United Nations or with national services connected with the work of the UN. A Board of Trustees determines policy, and the Executive Director and headquarters are in New York.
UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND WORKS AGENCY FOR
PALESTINE REFUGEES AND THE NEAR EAST
UNRWA provides aid and assistance to Palestine refugees in the Near East, and endeavours to arrange for their permanent settlement; it was originally established as an ad hoc committee by the United Nations General Assembly, and is supported by donations from governments and private sources. Its main concern is the provision of food, clothing and shelter, education and health services. It is controlled by an Advisory Committee, and the Commissioner-General has his headquarters in Vienna.
Chapter 8