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United nations development programme

UNDP became a specialised agency of the UN on January 1 1986. It is an amalgam of the United Nations Special Fund and the Expanded Technical Assistance Programme providing technical advice and aid to developing countries, its funds being obtained from donations by mem­ber states. In partnership with governments it undertakes high priority, pre-investment projects; makes available experts and consultants as well as specialised equipment and contract services, and offers fellowship awards for training abroad. Assistance is given in support of projects to increase agricultural and industrial productivity, to conduct feasibility studies and to establish or expand applied research institutes and facilities for training and education, as well as to strengthen the administrative and institutional framework for development, and work in a variety of other essential fields.

The UNDP is controlled by a Governing Council composed of forty-eight members elected by ECOSOC and maintains Resident Repres­entatives in nearly one hundred recipient countries. Its headquarters are in New York.

Universal postal union

The UPU is responsible for the maintenance and development of postal services throughout the world. It has its headquarters in Berne and is controlled by the Universal Postal Congress composed of all member states meeting every five years and a permanent Executive Council of forty-one elected on a geographical basis by the Congress which meets annually.

World health organisation

The aim of the WHO is the improvement of world standards of health - principally physical, but also mental and social. In view of the extent and diversity of the problems it has to face it has established regional offices in Alexandria, Brazzaville, Copenhagen, Delhi, Manila and Washington, and committees of experts in a wide number of fields. It has its headquarters and Secretariat in Geneva and is controlled by the World Health Assembly consisting of all member states meeting annu­ally and an Executive Board of thirty-one elected by the Assembly.

World intellectual property organisation

WIPO became a Specialised Agency in December 1974, and is respons­ible for the promotion, through cooperation among member states, of worldwide protection of Intellectual Property which the Organisation defines as inventions, trademarks, designs and copyrights. The agency is also responsible for the administration of various 'Unions' compris­ing groups of states which are parties to a particular Convention, e.g. the Berne Convention on Copyright. A substantial part of the activities and resources of WIPO is devoted to assistance in developing coun­tries, particular emphasis being laid on the transfer of technology. The headquarters of the organisation are in Geneva, where an annual Con­ference of all member states is held to plan the next year’s activities and budget, and also where the majority of the almost daily technical meetings are held. The conference is normally a joint one with the General Assembly of those states party to the Berne or Paris 'Unions'.

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