32. Переведите следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на место предлога в русском предложении:

1. The world fossil which means "organic materials accumulated in the geologic past" was originally referred to anything that was dug (to dig — добывать) from the ground.

2. The decomposition of rocks is influenced by many factors.

3. A large expedition will soon be organized to study the Earth's depth. It should be noted that later the expedition will be followed by another one.

33. Прочтите следующий текст. Найдите в каждом предложении группу «подлежащее-сказуемое». Переведите предложения с глаголом-скауемым в страдательном залоге:

The book Planet Earth, an Encyclopedia of Geology is often referred to because it gives much information on the geological his­tory of the Earth, the rocks of Earth, the processes which occur in the Earth, etc. For example, sedimentary rocks form a small proportion by volume of the rocks of the Earth's crust. They are formed from sediments, accumulations of solid material. The oldest sedimentary rocks were known some 3,500 million years ago. The processes which lead to the formation of sedimentary rocks are going on around us and different sediments are being deposited and may later be changed into rocks. Most sedimentary rocks have been classified according to their grains size. Great attention is also paid to the rocks of the oceans because they are less studied.

34. Укажите, в каких предложениях модальный глагол употребляется с инфинитивом в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения:

1. We can observe physical weathering in deserts and high mountains. This phenomenon can best be observed in places where the changes in temperature are great.

2. Sedimentary rocks can be more or less unconsolidated during the process of sedimentation.

3. Sedimentary rocks can be found at or near the surface of the Earth.

4. Igneous activity can be considered as one of the most fundamental Earth processes.

5. As is known, igneous rocks can be extrusive and intrusive.

6. Like sands, sandstones can be divided into fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained.

7. One can divide all sediments into consolidated and unconsolidated rocks.

35. Задайте вопросы по образцу (Специальный вопрос).

Образец: Weathering takes place in the upper layers of the Earth's crust. (where?) → Where does weathering take place?

1. The main cause of physical weathering is the change in tem­perature. (what?)

2. Physical weathering can best be observed in the deserts and high mountains. (where?)

3. Oxygen, carbon dioxide and water are the main chemical agents which cause the destruction of rocks. (what agents?)

4. Certain marine organisms accelerate the destruction of rocks by making holes in them to live in. (how?)

36. Выразите несогласие со следующими высказываниями и подтвердите свою точку зрения фактами из текста 2. Используйте предлагаемые разговор­ные формулы:

it seems to be wrong; I can't agree with you; on the contrary; in my opinion; as far as I know; that's wrong

1. Physical weathering is not caused by the changes in temperature.

2. In the regions of a moderate or cold climate, the decomposition of rocks is not facilitated by the action of water.

3. The difference in physical and chemical weathering is that physical weathering causes great changes in the chemical composi­tion of rocks.

4. It is quite obvious that plants and organisms do not affect the destruction of rocks.