Chemical properties|virtue| are similar to the properties|virtue| of nh3 and n2h4.
NH2OH is easily decomposed as a result of reaction of disproportioning|:
3NH2OH = NH3 + N2 + 3H2O
The atom of nitrogen in NH2OH has an oxidation state (-1), that is why|that is why| it is simultaneously a reductant and oxidant.
Hydroxylamine demonstrates reductive properties|virtue|:
NH2OH + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO3 = 3N2 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 13H2O
2NH2OH + I2 + 2KOH = N2 + 2KI + 4H2O
4NH2OH + O2 = 2N2 + 6H2O
As well as oxidizing properties|virtue|:
2NH2OH + 4FeSO4 + 3H2SO4 = 2Fe2(SO4)3 + (NH4)2SO4 + 13H2O
NH2OH + 3HI = I2 + NH4I + H2O
Hydrogen azide, HN3. It is a colourless volatile|flying| liquid, tboiling = 370С, with a strong smell.
The least negative oxidation state of nitrogen (-1/3) is realised in HN3 among the other hydrogen compounds|halving,compound,junction,joint,coupling| of nitrogen. This unusual oxidation state is determined by structural unequivalence of atoms of nitrogen. From a position of the Valence bond method | this unequivalence can be given by a chart:
The major point |head,leading| in this chart is delocalisation of | - bonds along the line which|what| connect the atoms of nitrogen. A correctness of the scheme is|proved,argued| confirmed by the value of distances between the atoms of nitrogen 1—2 and 2—3, which|what| are|appear| intermediate between the lengths of bonds -N=N- and NN. Atoms of nitrogen in the molecule of HN3 are in the state|figure,camp,mill| of sp-hybridization, that is why|that is why| the ion of N3- has a linear structure.
Preparation. Water|aquatic| solution of HN3 has name| hydroazoic| acid. It is prepared according to the reaction: N2H4 + HNO2 = HN3 + 2H2O
Chemical properties|virtue|. It is weak acid (~ CH3COOH)
HN3 = H+ + N-3 К = 2.10-5
At heating of vapor|couple| of HN3 higher to 300оС it|it| is decomposed with an explosion|decomposed|:
2HN3 = H2 + 3N2
In the waterless state|figure,camp,mill| HN3 explodes even at shaking of a vessel, in the diluted state|figure,camp,mill| it is stable, as the reaction of its decomposition
HN3 + H2O = N2 + NH2OH (disproportioning|)
proceeds|leaves| extraordinarily slow|sluggishly|.
Reductive properties of HN3 are not known|character,typical|, however there is a single reaction:
HN3 + HNO2 = N2 + N2O + H2O
Oxidizing properties|virtue| of HN3are characteristic|character,typical| (strong oxidant!!):
HN3 + 3HCl = Cl2 + N2 + NH4Cl
(N.N2)
The mixture of HN3 with concentrated HСl dissolves|opens| Au and Pt, that similar aquafortis. According the oxidizing reactions HN3 is similar to those of HNO3 as a result of|because of,owing to| presence of four-covalent| nitrogen in their molecules:
Cu + 3HN3 = Cu(N3)2 + NH3 + N2
Salts of HN3 have name|called| azides|. An initial|output| product for the preparation of azides| is|appear| NaN3, which|what| can be prepared|received|:
NaNH2 + NO2 = NaN3 + H2O
Azide| of lead Pb(N3)2 is used in detonators.