Doctorate

This is called in full Doctor of Philosophy, but is usually referred to as PhD. The word order is that of the original Latin philosophiae doctor

A PhD is awarded on acceptance of a thesis which must be an original contribution to knowledge. Research for this degree usually takes about three years, although the length of time needed varies considerably according to the subject. This degree is generally considered to be of an equivalent standard to the Russian кандидатская степень.

There is another type of doctorate, which is called in full a senior doctorate, to avoid confusion with the PhD. The name of a particular senior doctorate depends on the field of specialization.

e. g. Doctor of Letters- for arts subjects or DLitt- from the Latin doctor litterarum; Doctor of Science- for science subjects or D. Sc.

These degrees are much higher than the PhD and comparable in importance to the Russian doctor's degree. However they differ from the latter in that they do not involve the writing of a thesis. A person wishing to apply for such a degree submits his published works to a board, or committee, who then decide whether these works justify the award of the degree.

(Based on J. Povey and I. Walshe, An English Teacher's Handbook of Educational Terms, Moscow, "vyssaja Skola", 1982)

Review Questions

Speech practice

Answer the following review questions

1. What graduate program are you in?

2. If you are in a Master's program, when are you presenting your thesis for defense? What field do you major in? What qualifying examinations are you expected to pass?

3. If you are a Cand. Sc./Ph D student, when are you presenting your Cand. Sc. dissertation for defense? What is a Cand. Sc. graduate student expected to accomplish in his/her first /second/third year in the program? Do you teach any practical classes? What subject do you teach?

4. Have you ever participated in any scientific conferences? If yes, what conferences are these? Did you have a chance to take part in an international conference with English as its working language? Have you any papers published?

5. Have you been on a study tour/internship abroad? If yes, was it really useful? If not, are you planning to go abroad on a study tour/internship in future? Do you have any specific project in mind?

6. Is you work supported, in part, by a research grant awarded by any institution, national or international?

7. What school of thought do you belong to? Who heads this school? Who is your research adviser? Do you attend your department's seminars on a regular basis?

8. Are you a student member of any international scientific society? What benefits do the student members enjoy?

Contents

SECTION III

NSTU Schools of

Thought………………………………………………..………… 3

SECTION IV

International scientific

contacts…...……………………………………………………..29

SECTION V

Graduate Degrees at US

Universities…..…………………………………………………..45

Review Questions………………………………………..50

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